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Small intestine (Jejunum
and ileum (Features (Location
Jejunum: LUQ
…
Small intestine
Jejunum
and ileum
Structure
Intraperitoneal
Attached to posterior abdominal wall
by double layer of peritoneum (mesentery)
Ileocaecal valve acts to prevent reflux from caecum to ileum, may be competent or incompetent
Features
-
Appearance
Jejunum: thin wall, red
Ileum: thick wall, pink
Vasculature
Jejunum: long vasa recta (straight), fewer arcades (loops)
Ileum: short vasa recta, more arcades
Location
Distal small intestine
Jejunum runs from duodenojejunal flexture
No clear extenal demarkation to ileum
Ileum ends at ileocaecal junction
Vasculature
-
-
Arterial
Vasa recta via arcades (from SMA)
Duodenum
Structure
Descending
Curves inferiorly around head of pancreas, L1-L3 level
Posterior to transverse colon, anterior to right kidney
Marked by major duodenal papilla (opening from ampulla of Vater where bile and pancreatic secretions enter)
Inferior
Lateral to left over IVC and aorta, L3 level
Inferior to pancreas, posterior to SMA and SMV
Superior
Ascends from pylorus, L1 level
Connected to liver via hepatoduodenal ligament
Initial part covered anterior and posterior by peritoneum,
superior part is covered anterior only (retroperitoneal)
Ascending
Ascends and curves anteriorly to join jejunum
(duodenojejunal flexure)
Suspensory ligament of duodenum located at flexture,
aids movement of contents into jejunum
Vasculature
-
-
Arterial
Prox to major duodenal papilla (D2): gastroduodenal (from coeliac trunk)
Dist to major duodenal papilla (D3): inferior pancreaticoduodenal (from SMA)
I.e. transition from foregut to midgut
Location
Prox portion of small intestine
Pylorus to duodenojejunal junction
4 parts, 25cm long, C shaped
Definition
Gastrointestinal organ assisting in digestion and absorption of food, extends from stomach to ileocaecal junction, 3 parts (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)