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Treaty of Versailles (German reaction (Article 231 hurt germany's…
Treaty of Versailles
German reaction
Article 231 hurt germany's pride.Also, they didn't think they were solely to blame. Surely, there were others to blame?
They hated their tiny army. They said they were helpless against other countries. It was also unfair because other countries didn't have to disarm as much
They were unhappy about the loss of land, they claimed that the treaty was simply an attempt to ruin their economy. Other countries were given self-determination, but the Treaty forced Germans to live in other countries.
The Germans hated reparations and said that France and Britain were trying to starve their children to death.
It was a 'Diktat', an imposed settlement- They had not been allowed to take part in the talks, they were just told to sign
Consequences
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Territorial
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Germany lost land
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The people of Danzig would be allowed to vote on whether they wanted to stay with Germany or re-join Poland.
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Key dates
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The Paris Peace Conference took place in January 18, 1919 – January 21, 1920
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The Big Three
USA
Woodrow Wilson
Partly because the USA joined the war in 1917, it didn't suffer as much, which lead to the decision that Germany shouldn't be punished too severely, because Wilson was afraid that if Germany would be punished a lot, it could recover one day, and want revenge. He also wanted self-determination
The 14 points
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- Free acces to the seas in peacetime or wartime
- Free trade between countires
- All countries to work towards disarmament
- Colonies to have a say in their own future
- German troops to leave Russia
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- France to regain Alsace-Lorraine
- Frontier between Austria and Italy to be adjusted
- Self-determination for the peoples of eastern Europe (they should rule themselves)
- Serbia to have acces to the sea
- Self-determination for the people in the Turkish Empire
- Poland to become and independent state with access to the sea
- League of Nations to be set up
Britain
Lloyd George
Lloyd George was elected by the British public to "hang the Kaiser" and "make Germany pay". Wanted to keep Germany week, however, he also wanted to avoid humiliating them. Wanted to end German threat to the British empire and navy
France
George Clemencau
France lost over 1.3 million men in the war, and also had bad encounters with them before WWI, so he wanted to weaken Germany as much as possible so that it wouldn't be able to attack France again