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Phepchromocytoma Screenshot_20200307-152549 (Pathophysiology (Adrenal…
Phepchromocytoma
Definition
Hormone secreting tumor arising from chromafin
Cells of the adrenal medulla
Pathophysiology
Adrenal glands secretes excessive adrenalin or noradrenalin
These helps balance; heartrate, blood pressure
And stress responce
When levels of these hormones are high;
Body enters a resembling chronological stress
Pheochromocytomas are related to a tumor
Called paragliomas
They grow in the same type of tissue
But outside the adrenal gland
Causes
The exact cause is unknown
But genetic factors plays a role
Clinical Manifestations
Headache
Heavy sweating
Tachycardia
Abdominal pain
Shortness of breath
Tremors
Panic like attack
Paleness of the skin
Anxiety
Diagnostic procedures
CT and MRI scans
Imaging tests
Genetic testing
Clonidine suppression test
Tumor localization
24 hour urine collection
Blood plasma metanephrine levels
SPECT
Treatment
Pharmacology
Alpha blockers- Phenoxybenzamine
Beta blockers- propanolol
Surgical procedures
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy
Surgical resection
Nursing management
24hourly urinalysis
Monitoring of intakes and outputs
Ensure hypertensive friendly diet
Calm the environment and reduce stress
Monitoring of hydration status
Health education
Reduce salt intake
Exercise atleast 30m daily
Consider genetic counselling
Balance fluid intakes
