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controlling chemical reaction (exothermic and endothermic reactions…
controlling chemical reaction
energy and reaction
activation energy
- the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction
If hydrogen and oxygen were to be placed together as gases, they wouldn't instantly react. when they do react, they produce a lot of energy. just a small spark can start the reaction between a few molecules of hydrogen and oxygen
exothermic and endothermic reactions
every
chemical reaction needs activation energy to get started
exothermic reactions
the energy is present in the reactants is greater than the product
the different is a result of a release of heat (energy)
endothermic reactions
requires additional energy to continue the reaction
the difference is a result of a release of heat (energy)
they have more energy in the products than the reactants
rates of chemical reactions
reactions occur at different rates
fast - explosions
slow - rusting of metal
to increase or slow down a reaction's rate you can manipulate the following
surface area
increase the rate - increase the surface area
decrease the rate - decrease the surface area
temperature
increasing the remperature will make the particles move around faster and collide more often
the more often the particles collide the more likely the chemical reaction will occur
decreasing the temperature will do the opposite
concentration
increase the concentration - increases the rate
decrease the concentration - decreate the rate
catalysts
used to speed up reaction but used in the reaction
neither a reactant nor product, so its formulas is written above the arrow in a chemical reaction
lowers the needed activation energy
inhibitors
inhibitors work in exactly the opposite way as catalysts
inhibitors slow the rate of reaction. sometimes they stop the reaction completely