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Pre ling comm birth-1 year (What might influence early infant-caregiver…
Pre ling comm birth-1 year
Defn
Joint attention
following direction of communication partner's gaze/pointing
showing object w intent of drawing communication partner's attention to object/event
RED FLAG 0;8 eg. may be autism (but need combination of red flags to diagnose)
communication intent
Produce gestures, vocalisations and/or eye contact to direct attention, actions of comm partners
Exhibiting joint visual attention
Waiting after comm attempt (expecting partner to respond)
Persisting in comm attempt that is X unds
Protoconversation
Dev. from 0;3
Vocal interactions b/w parents, caregivers resemble verbal exchanges of more mature conversations eg. intonation pattern of their own lang, made-up lang, eye contact
Identifiable phrases-turn taking
Initiation, disengagement
3 stages of intentionality
Perlocutionary
Might not be intentional
Up to 0;8
Intention inferred by adults eg. looking at face, reach for objects, smiles during interaction
Illocutionary
0;8-0;11
Transitional phase
Intentional communication emerging (still mostly non-verbal)
Deictic gestures: showing, reaching, giving, pointing
Locutionary
Approx 1;0
Words accompany/replace gestures
Intentional
5 stages of pre-ling communication (Expressive comm)
List
Phonation
0-0;2
Reflexive vocalisations eg. cry, grunt, burp
Vegetative sounds: grunts, sighs associated w activities ; clicks
Quasivowels-pretend vowels
Primitive articulation
0;2-0;4
Cooing, gooing sounds
Vowel-like sounds w velar consonants
0;3 onwards, crying decreases, veg. sounds begin to disappear
0;4- sustained laughter
Expansion
0;4-0;6
Longer series of segments, production of prolonged full vowel-like sounds, consonant-like sounds (marginal babbling)
Extreme variation loudness, pitch
Vowels more variation in tongue height, position
Vocal play: squeals, yells, bilabial trills (blow raspberries)
Canonical babbling
0;6-0;10
One vowel, one consonant
Quick transition
Recognised to contain sounds similar enough to be transcribed
Reduplicated babbling
Non-reduplicated, variegated babbling (neema bababoo)
Red Flag: Need to occur by 0;10
Study: Infants who showed late onset of canon babbling had smaller expressive vocab at 1;6, 2;0, 2;6
Continue as child acquires first words
Jargon
0;10+
Short exclamation sounds ooh, uh-oh
Strings of babbled utterances chars: intonation, rhythm, pausing
Continue as child acquires first words
Why impt for SLP?
Large variations in dev. +/- few months
Most children obtain stages of dev. in same order but each child dev. skills at indv rate
Watch out for red flags
Typical communication, lang milestones
Social
Mutual eye gaze
6 weeks
Infant able to fix visually on comm partner's eyes, hold fixation (intensified attention)
Gaze coupling
0;3
: turn-taking interaction of making, breaking eye contact
Social smile
6-8 weeks
Respond to social games eg. peekaboo
show anticipation, learn pattern of behaviour
0;6
Protoconversations
0;3
Receptive comm
Turns head when hears voice
0;3
Responds to own name by turning head
0;4
Responds to 'no' when said w inflection
0;5
Responds to music w body nvm, babies communicating with each other
0;11
Responds to 'no' when said w/o inflection
0;8
Unds up to 10 words
1;0
Newborn
Neonate is prewired to communicate
Vision
Impt of eye contact as interest, attention
Best focuses at approx 20cm eg. breastfeeding, bottle feeding
most caregiver interactions occur
Child focuses on mother's eyes
Hearing
20 weeks they start hearing. Resonance=mum's voice loudest
Infant's hearing is best in same freq range of human voice
Auditory pref: search for human voice, stop crying to attend to mother's voice
Head position
Neonate turns head to human face-stick out tongue
3 head positions
Central: approach/attending signal
Peripheral: being overstimulated by sensory signal, interpreted as infant aversion/flight
Loss of visual contact: wish to terminate interaction
Babies' cry
Interest: brows raised, mouth rounded, lips pursed
Distressed: eyes closed tightly, mouth angular
Disgust: nose wrinkled, upper lip elevated, tongue protruded
What might influence early infant-caregiver interactions?
Personality
Stressors:work, financial, r/s problems
Unsettled babies: always crying
Post-natal depression: withdraw, look sad
Freq. hospital visits, prem babies
Parents X aware of this, look away when baby does nothing
Sleep deprivation
Other siblings: attention