Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

70 year old with Pneumonia, viral infection, and smoke damaged lungs…

- - - - Due to partial pressure of O2 in the blood is lower than in the alveoli
  - - - inflammation of the larynx
      - Caused by viral infection, bacterial infection, or overuse of voice
      - Symptoms
        
        hoarse voice
        
        sore throat
        
        fever (sometimes)
      - May lead to sudden airway obstruction in children and become an emergency
    - - Inflammation of the bronchi
      - Caused by..
        
        bacterial infection
        
        inhalation of irritants
        
        cigarette smoke
        
        Viral infection
      - develops rapidly and resolves in 10-14 days
      - Chronic version
        
        Due to long term exposure to irritants
        
        Causes large amounts of mucus and cough lasting 3 months
    - - Inflammation of pleural membranes
      - lead to increased friction b/w visceral and parietal layers of the lung
      - Symptoms
        
        Severe chest pain
        
        Pain associated with breathing
      - Occurs when excess fluid acccumulates in the pleural cavity
      - Caused by
        
        systemic factors
        
        viral or bacterial infections
        
        lung cancer
  - - - At a given temp. the solubility of a gas in a liquid is dependent upon the parital pressure of the gas in the air, and the solubility coefficient of the gas in the liquid
    - - At a constant temp. the pressure of a gas decreases if the volume of the container increases
    - - Sum of all partial pressures is equal to the total atmospheric pressure.
  - - - These are surrounded by blood capillaries for gas exchange
      - small, saccular outpocketings off the respiratory bronchioles
    - - Lead to alveolar sacs
    - - Clusters of alveoli
    - - Type 1
        
        Make up 95% of alveolar surface
        
        Moist and prone to collapsing
      - Type 2
        
        Secrete Pulmonary surfactant
        
        Opposes surface tension and prevents the collapse of alveoli
      - Macrophages
        
        either fixed or free
        
        Engulf microorganisms or particles that reach the alveoli
    - - subdivide to create alveolar ducts
    - - lead to respiratory bronchioles
    - - L lung has 8-10
      - R Lung has 10
    - - Right lung has 3
      - Left lung has 2
    - - Branches into lobar bronchi
    - - Bifurcates into right and left main bronchi
  - - - change in elevation leads to change in atmospheric pressure
      - Higher altitude
        
        lower partial pressure
        
        lower atmospheric pressure
      - lower altitude
        
        higher partial pressure
        
        higher atmospheric pressure
      - These changes allow the lungs to continue gas exchange at varying elevations
- - - - may lead to carbon poisoning
  - - - alveoli can't participate in proper gas exchange anymore