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Respiratory System / Contreras Nathan P: 2 (Organs of The Respiratory…
Respiratory System / Contreras Nathan P: 2
Major Functions of The Respiratory System
The main functions of the respiratory system are to obtain oxygen from the external environment and supply it to the cells and to remove from the body the carbon dioxide produced by cellular metabolism.
Anatomy of The Respiratory Tract
The upper airways or upper respiratory tract includes the nose and nasal passages, paranasal sinuses, the pharynx, and the portion of the larynx above the vocal folds (cords). The lower airways or lower respiratory tract includes the portion of the larynx below the vocal folds, trachea, bronchi and bronchioles.
Organs of The Respiratory System
Larynx
Upper & Lower Respiratory Tract
Trachea
Lower Respiratory Tract
Pharynx
Upper respiratory Tract
Bronchi
Lower Respiratory Tract
Lungs
Lower Respiratory Tract
Differences between the right and left Lung / Bronchi
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Left Lung:
Narrow and long, Only Has two Lobes, Is lighter than the right Lung
Left Bronchi
Is thinner and longer than the right Bronchi, The left main bronchus divides into two
Right Lung:
Wider And Shorter, Has Three Lobes, Is Heavier than the left Lung,
Right Bronchi
Is Larger and Wider than the Left Bronchi, The right main bronchus subdivides into three lobar bronchi
Definitions of Lung Capacity Terminology
Air in the lungs is measured in terms of lung volumes and lung capacities. Volume measures the amount of air for one function (such as inhalation or exhalation) and capacity is any two or more volumes (for example, how much can be inhaled from the end of a maximal exhalation).
Internal And External Respiration
External respiration occurs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveolar air. Internal respiration occurs in the metabolizing tissues, where oxygen diffuses out of the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the cells.
Disorders of The Respiratory System
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Asthma.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Chronic Bronchitis.
Emphysema.
Lung Cancer.
Cystic Fibrosis/Bronchiectasis.
Pneumonia.
Pleural Effusion.