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Chapter 8: Language (Vocabulary (linguistic relativity theory (language…

- - - - 4-9 months: babbling (INTENTIONAL vocalization w/o specific meaning)
        
        9-18 months: one-word utterances
        
        18 months-2 1/2 years: two-word utterances; beginning of SYNTAX (VOCABULARY SPURT)
        
        2 1/2 years-4 years: telegraphic stage
  - - - through IMITATION and REINFORCEMENT of environment
    - - children learn the RULES of language (UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR)
      - we're born READY for language
      - language acquisition device: innate ability to understand language rules
      - critical period hypothesis: suggests a limited window of opportunity for children to effectively learn language
- - - - morphemes: smallest meaningful units of speech (prefixes, suffixes, free morphemes)
        
        syntax: GRAMMATICAL rules that govern how words are composed into meaningful strings
        
        extralinguistic information: elements of communication that aren't part of the content of language but are critical to INTERPRETING ITS MEANING
- - - - good comprehension
      - trouble speaking
    - - good speaking (doesn't make sense)
      - poor comprehension
    - - damage to the gyrus: difficulty with REPETITION of heard speech