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Conservation Outside Protected Areas (Challenges to management (pressure…
Conservation Outside Protected Areas
The Value of Unprotected Habitat
types of unprotected land that contribute to biodiversity more than expected
military lands
unprotected ecosystems
forests
grasslands
unprotected waters
undesirable land
deserts
demilitarized zones
mountains
tundra
private land
tribal land
Conservation in Urban and Other Human-Dominated Areas
native species can persist in less altered habitats
land sharing
low-intensity human activities can coexist with some elements of biodiversity
land sparing
intensive human activities are practiced on some of the lands while allowing the rest to remain in their natural state
multiple-use habitat
managed to provide a variety of goods and services
Working with Local People
ecocolonialism
when traditional rights and practices of local people are disregarded during efforts to conserve biodiversity
conservation alternatives
biosphere reserves
in situ agricultural conservation
extractive reserves
community-based initiatives
payments for ecosystem services
Challenges to management
pressure from growing human populations
poaching
trophy hunting
human-animal conflict
degradation
climate change
funding and personnel