70 year old female moved from Fort Worth to Denver, Colorado has viral lung infection causing difficult breathing with a nasty cough
Upstream Causes
Downstream Effects
Respiratory Physiology (@ alveolar level)
Lung Anatomy
Higher altitudes have colder air that is less dense and contain fewer oxygen molecules than lower altitude
Viral infections cause shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing when exhaling
Age your lung tissue, bones, and muscles all change
If left untreated it can develop pneumonia
Interaction with other systems
Fast, shallow breathing, wet, wheezy cough and fluid in lungs because the lungs cannot fill up with air as easily
Immune
Cardiovascular
Circulatory
Carries oxygen tot he rest of the body, cells, and tissues
Protects the lungs and the rest of the respiratory tract against inhaled microorganisms
Change in intrathoracic pressure affects blood flow to the heart
Inflammation of Respiratory System
Partial Pressure
Gas Laws
Trachea conducts inhaled air into bronchi
Bronchi divide into bronchioles
Located on both sides of the chest
Bronchioles end in clusters of alveoli
Spongy, air filled organs
Inside alveoli oxygen is taken to the blood
Carbon Dioxide travels from blood to alveoli to be exhaled
Lungs are covered in thin tissue called pleura
Thin layer of fluid acts as a lubricant so lungs can contract and relax more smoothly
Carbon Dioxide travels from blood to alveoli to be exhaled
Inside alveoli oxygen is absorbed into the blood
Dalton's Law
Henry's Law
Boyle's Law
The pressure of a given mass of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature
Law of partial pressures: the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is a sum of the partial pressures of each of the separate gases
P ∝ C (or) P = kH.C
Lower Volume = Higher Pressure
Higher Pressure = Lower Volume
States that at the amount of gas that is dissolved in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid when the temperature is kept constant
Xi=Pi/Ptotal=Vi/Vtotal=ni/ntotal
Elevation affects partial pressure because the fall in atmospheric pressure
The pressure that would be exerted by one of the gases in a mixture if it occupied the same volume on its own
No oxygen in lungs causes no oxygen in blood which then causes tissue and cell damage
After tissue and cell damage, organ damage can also occur
Inflammation causes a closing of alveoli causing little airflow into lungs