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Heart (Blood Flow Through the Heart (Superior and Inferior Vena Cava,…

- - - - Anterior Interventricular Artery
        
        Supplies blood to Interventricular septum and anterior walls
      - Circumflex Artery
        
        Supplies Left atrium and posterior walls
    - - Right Marginal Artery
        
        serves the myocardium of the lateral right side of the heart
      - Posterior Interventricular Artery
        
        runs to the heart apex
        
        supplies the posterior ventricular walls
  - - - collect blood from capillary beds of myocardium
    - - Great Cardiac Vein
        
        in anterior interventricular sulcus
      - Middle Cardiac Vein
        
        in posterior interventricular sulcus
      - Small Cardiac Vein
        
        running along heart’s right inferior margin
      - Empties into right atrium
  - - - Thoracic pain caused by fleeting deficiency in blood delivery to myocardium
      - myocardial cells are weakened by the temporary lack of oxygen but do not die
    - - commonly called a heart attack
      - Prolonged coronary blockage
      - Areas of cell death are repaired with noncontractile scar tissue
- - - - Right Atrium
        
        receives deoxygenated blood from cells of body
        
        Blood entering from...
        
        Superior Vena Cava
        
        returns blood from body regions superior to the diaphragm
        
        Inferior Vena Cava
        
        returns blood from body areas below the diaphragm.
        
        Coronary Sinus
        
        collects blood draining from the myocardium
      - Left Atrium
        
        receives oxygenated blood from lungs .
        
        Blood Entering From...
        
        the 4 pulmonary veins
      - Auricles
        
        appendages that increase atrial volume
    - - Right Ventricle
        
        pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk
        
        forms most of anterior surface of heart
        
        Thinner Wall
        
        Crescent Shape
      - Left Ventricle
        
        ejects blood into aorta
        
        forms the apex
        
        dominates inferoposterior aspect of heart
        
        Thicker Wall
        
        Round Shape
  - - - Encircles junction of atria and ventricles
    - - cradles anteriors interventricular artery
- - - - Tricuspid Valve
      - made up of three cusps
      - lies between right atria and ventricle
    - - Mitral Valve
      - made up of two cusps
      - lies between left atria and ventricle
    - - anchors cusps of AV valves
  - - - located between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
    - - located between left ventricle and aorta
  - - - forces the heart to repump the same blood over and over
      - Valve does not close properly
      - Blood Backflows
    - - valve flaps become stiff and constrict the opening
    - - heart's mitral valve doesn't close tightly, allowing blood to flow backward into left atrium
- - - - links all parts of heart together
    - - supports great vessels and valves
      - anchors the cardiac muscle fibers
      - reinforces myocardium internally
- - - - superficial part of sac
      - protects the heart
      - anchors heart to its surrounding structures
      - prevents overfilling of the heart with blood
    - - parietal layer
        
        lines internal surface of fibrous pericardium
      - visceral layer
        
        on external surface on heart
      - pericardial cavity
        
        filled with fluid
        
        decreases friction between parietal and visceral layer
    - - pericarditis
        
        inflammation of pericardium
        
        roughens serous membrane surfaces
        
        pericardial friction rub ;creaking sound
      - cardiac tamponade
        
        heart plug
        
        treatment
        
        draining excess fluid out of pericardial cavity
        
        limits heart's ability to pump blood