Cretinism
Definition
Congenital hypothyroidism under activity of the thyroid at birth. It results in growth retardation, development delay and abnormal features
Causes
Iodine deficiency
Insufficient dietary iodine during pregnancy
Pathophysiology
The pathogenesis of neurological cretinism is obscure but may be due to severe thyroid hormone
Nursing intervention
Promote rest
Protect against coldness
Avoid external heat exposure
Mind the temperature
Increase fluid intake
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Treatment
Antithyroid agent and Beta Blockers
Risk factors
Numerous genetic syndromes
Trauma
Underactive pituitary gland
Early diagnosis is imperative
Thyroid hormone deficiency during pregnancy
Critical early phase of central nervous system development in utero.
Clinical features
Anemia
Umbilical herins
Decrease in physical activity
Hoarseness of voice