Cretinism 20200315_102203

Definition

Congenital hypothyroidism under activity of the thyroid at birth. It results in growth retardation, development delay and abnormal features

Causes

Iodine deficiency

Insufficient dietary iodine during pregnancy

Pathophysiology

The pathogenesis of neurological cretinism is obscure but may be due to severe thyroid hormone

Nursing intervention

Promote rest

Protect against coldness

Avoid external heat exposure

Mind the temperature

Increase fluid intake

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Treatment

Antithyroid agent and Beta Blockers

Risk factors

Numerous genetic syndromes

Trauma

Underactive pituitary gland

Early diagnosis is imperative

Thyroid hormone deficiency during pregnancy

Critical early phase of central nervous system development in utero.

Clinical features

Anemia

Umbilical herins

Decrease in physical activity

Hoarseness of voice