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MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS shutterstock_328135748-1024x694…
MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS 
NURSING CARE PLAN
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DESIRED OUTCOME
Patient to have blood glucose ,evel reading of less than 180mg/dl
NURSING INTERVENTION
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Assess for anxiety, tremors and slurring of speech
Assess feet for temperature, pulse, color and sensation
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DEFINATION
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Includes: cardiovascular diseases such as heart attack, stroke and insufficient blood flow to the legs.
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Macrovascular complications of diabetes results from hyperglycaemia, excessive fatty acid an insulin resistance.
There will be an increase in oxidative stress, protein kinase activation
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Decrease nitric oxide, incrrease endothelial
Increase angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction, leading in hypertension.
CAUSES
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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
BRAIN
Increase risk of stroke, cerebrovascular diseases including translent ischemic attack
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EXTREMITIES
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contributing to gangrene
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NURSING CARE PLAN
PROBLEM
Impaired tissue perfusion related to the weakening and decrease blood flow to the area of gangrene due to obstruction in blood vessels
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NURSING INTERVENTION
teach the patient about life style modification: avoid high cholesterol diet, stop smoking
Teach about factor the factors that increase blood flow; elevated position at rest, avoid tight bandange, avoid using a pillow
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NURSING MANAGEMENT
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Assint the patient with position, prevent flexion and adduction
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MEDICAL TREATMENT
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Nerve pain medication (narcotics) such as amitriptyline, oxycodone and anti-seizure medication
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