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Respiratory System- Luz Ramirez per.5 (disorders of the respiratory system…
Respiratory System- Luz Ramirez per.5
Major functions of the
respiratory system
Distribution of Air: filters, warms,humidifies air
Gas Exchange: supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
anatomy of the respiratory tract
The respiratory tract is lined with respiratory mucosa or respiratory epithelium. Air is breathed in through the nose or the mouth. In the nasal cavity, a layer of nasal mucosa acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air. Next, air moves into the pharynx, a passage that contains the intersection between the oesophagus and the lary.
organs of the respiratory system and location
Upper respiration tract
Sinuses- reduce the weight of the skull and serve as resonant chambers affect the quality of the voice
Pharynx- a common passageway for air and food
Nasal cavity- moistens air and traps incoming foreign particles
Larynx- helps keep particles from entering the trachea
Nose- provides an entrance for air in which air is filtered by course hairs inside nostrils
Lower respiration tract
Bronchial Tree- consists of branched mucous membrane lined tubes leading from the trachea to the alveoli that warm, moisten, and filter incoming air
Alveoli- produces surfactant
Trachea- connects larynx with brochi
differences between the right and left lung and right and left
primary bronchi
Right lung has one more lobe than that of the left lung that has only two. Left lung is narrower and is oblong in shape whereas the right lung is shorter and wider. The base of the right lung is more concave than that of the left lung. Left lung possesses a single bronchus while the right lung has two.
The right side branch of the bronchi is the right bronchus, and the left side branch is the left bronchus. Right bronchus is more vertical, shorter and wider than the left bronchus, which is more angular, longer and narrower.
breathing mechanism
The action of breathing in and out is due to changes in pressure within the thorax. This action is also known as external respiration and is created by the muscles of the chest and the diaphragm changing the size of the chest cavity
definitions of lung capacity terminology
While lung capacity refers to the maximum amount of air that your lungs are able to hold, lung function refers to how quickly you can inhale and exhale air from your lungs and also how effectively your lungs both oxygenate and remove carbon dioxide from your blood.
internal and
external respiration
Internal respiration occurs in the metabolizing tissues, where oxygen diffuses out of the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the cells.
External respiration occurs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveolar air.
disorders of the respiratory system
Pneumonia- bacterial or viral infection of the lungs; over the counter medication, antibiotics, oxygen therapy
Lung Cancer- uncontrolled cell growth and development of tumors in lungs; radiation, chemotherapy, surgical removal
Tuberculosis- bacterial infection in the respiratory system caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis; long term Antibes, surgery, medication
Seasonal Flu- a viral infection many variations,chages rapidly year to year change symptoms; early vaccination, over the counter medication, antiviral medication
COPD- includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma; Treatment: medication, lung transplant, antibiotics