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4Ps (Price (Cost-Plus (Adding a percentage markup on the product, Ads:…

- - - - Adv: Reduces competition and can allow them to become a monopoly
- - - - Doing the job reliably for a long time
    - - How a product looks and feels to use
    - - Cost effective and financially viable in production
- - - - producer to consumer
        
        Selling directly from producer to consumer
        
        Adv: Gets to keep all of the profits
        
        Adv: Direct control over user experience
        
        Adv: No need to ship directly to the wholesalers
        
        Disadv: Not cost effective
        
        Disadv: Stress on managers and employees
    - - producer to retailers to consumer
      - Disadv: Profits are lost
      - Adv: More choice for consumers
    - - producer to wholesaler to retailer to consumer
        
        Disadv: Profits are lost
    - - producer to agent to wholesaler to retailer to consumer
        
        Disadv: Profits are lost
        
        Adv: Good way to go international
    - - E-Commerce
        
        Can compare prices a lot, larger market, lower cost nd unlimited shelf space
        
        Can't test out products
        
        Credit Card fraud
- - - - Above the Line
        
        Use of promotional methods that cannot be directly controlled by the company selling the goods or service, such as television or press advertising
        
        Methods
        
        Billboards
        
        TV adverts
        
        website banners,
        
        side of the bus ads,
        
        bus stops,
        
        public transport
        
        Advantages
        
        Can get a huge audience in a very small time
        
        Builds a brand, may help gain a competitive advantage and ability to raise prices in the future
        
        Disadvantages
        
        It is very expensive
        
        The product may not appeal to the mass audience , making it seem unsuccessful and a waste of money
      - Below the Line
        
        Advertising is going to target a specific group of potential customers
        
        Methods
        
        Sales promotion.
        
        Direct marketing and direct mail.
        
        Public relations (PR)
        
        Sponsorship.
        
        Personal selling.
        
        Branding and merchandising.
        
        Packaging.
        
        Telemarketing.
        
        Advantages
        
        Great for building customer relationship
        
        Lower required investment
        
        Offers a deep direct reach and the opportunity to connect with customers in an entirely new way
        
        Promotion can be extremely targeted
        
        Below the promotion tools are relatively
        
        Disadvantages
        
        Targeting may be difficult
        
        Extensive training may be required for the marketing teams
        
        Deeper understanding of the customers and their culture is required