Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

back pain (anatomy (spinal cord (have 2 enlargements (cervical, lumbar),…

- - - - cervical
      - lumbar
    - - after that filum terminale extend and attach to the back of the coccyx bone to provide stability to the spinal cord
  - - - respiratory muscles (insert to ribs)
    - - move the trunk and back
    - - move upper extremity
  - - - spinous process
      - vertebral foramen
      - lamina
      - 2 superior articular process
      - body
      - pedicle
      - 2 transverse process
      - 2 inferior articular process
      - super vertebral notch
        
        from the below vertebrae
      - inferior vertebral notch
        
        from the above vertebrae
        
        intervertebral foramen
        
        boundaries
        
        Posterior
        
        the facet that articulate the superior (below) with inferior (above) articular processes
        
        1 more item...
        
        Superior
        
        inferior vertebral notch
        
        1 more item...
        
        Anterior
        
        the back of the body and intervertebral disc
        
        1 more item...
        
        Inferior
        
        superior vertebral notch
        
        1 more item...
      - facets
    - - thoracic (12)
        
        primary curvatures
      - sacral (5) fused
      - cervical (7)
      - lumbar (5)
        
        secondary curvatures
      - coccygeal (2-5) fused
    - - each vertebral segment have different features
        
        cervical
        
        transverse foramens
        
        atypical bones
        
        atlas
        
        has no body
        
        articulate with the occipital bone of the skull (atlanto-occipital joint)
        
        axis
        
        have dens (elevation like) on the body
        
        articulate with the atlas superiorly (atlanto-axial joint)
        
        lumbar
        
        kidney shaped body
        
        thoracic
        
        heart shaped body
        
        the costal demifacet for head of rib
  - - - preserve the normal curvature
        
        to strengthen the column after it has been fixed
        
        connect 2 laminae
    - - joints the tips of the spines
    - - prevent hyperflexion
        
        prevent posterior protrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the disc
        
        runs along the posterior aspect of the vertebral bodies
    - - extend from one spine to another
    - - longest ligament in the body
        
        prevent hyperextension
        
        connects the anterior aspects of the bodies
    - - connect adjacent transverse processes
  - - - travels into the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen
        
        then inferior to the piriformis
        
        through the gluteal region and into the posterior aspect of the thigh deep to the biceps femoris
- - - - consist of parallel collagen bundles arranged in concentric lamellae
    - - consist of soft gelatinous material which is normally elastic (shock absorber)
- - - - stretching routines
        
        lying glute stretch
        
        pirformis super stretch
        
        childs pose
        
        hip flexor exercises