Respiratory system Heidi Martinez P.1

Two major function

  1. Distribution of air- filters, warm, humifies air
  1. Gas exchange- supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

respiratory tract

upper respiratory tract- nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx

lower respiratory tract- trachea, bronchial tree, lungs

organs of the respiratory system

nose- supported by the bone and cartilage provides an entrance for air in which air is filtered by coarse hairs inside the nostroils

pharynx- a common passageway for food and air

Larynx- helps keep particles from entering the trachea

Trachea- the inner wall of the trachea is lined with ciliated mucous membrane to trap incoming particles

Bronchial- Consists of branched mucous membrane-lined tubes leading from the
trachea to the alveoli that warm, moisten, and filter incoming air

lungs- •Right and left soft, spongy, cone-shaped lungs separated medially by the mediastinum

the right and left lung

•Right lung has three lobes (superior, middle,
and inferior)

left lung has two lobes
(superior and inferior).

lung capacity

inspirational capacity= TV + IRV (~ 3000 mL)

Functional residual capacity= ERV + RV

vital capacity=TV + IRV + ERV (~4600 mL)

Breathing pattern

Eupean-normal, quiet breathing

Apnea-stopped respirations (temporary)

Dyspean-labored or difficult/painful respirations

Tachypean-rapid breathing

Hyerpreventilation-rapid and deep respirations

2 major functions

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