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Social stratification-organization based on socioeconomic factors (Social…
Social stratification-
organization based on socioeconomic factors
Social class is measured by
educational level, income or occupational status
Reproduction-
you are more likely to belong to the same social class as your parents
Mobility-
a part of the population will move up or down on the social ladder
ORIGIN
(parental income & occupational status)
DESTINATION
(your income & occupational status)
EDUCATION
(your level of education)
Family resources help children to achieve that through-
Economic capita
l,
social capital (job information & favors), cultural capital
(childrearing values, vocabulary)
Karl Marx (again) brief history of
class conflict
-
INDUSTRIALIZATION
-machines replaced human labour,creates poverty & social unrest which lead to lower wages, high unemployment rates & poor working conditions.
Workers organized in protest against their situation
. Since the government feared their revolution, they seriously considered the workers interests
2 western strageties to resolve class conflict-**
MERITOCRACY
=weakning the boundaries between socio-economic classes by increasing social mobility (equal opportunity)
REDISTRIBUTION**-reducing inequalites by redistributing income from higher to lower classes (equal outcomes, skewness)
The western system stratification is justified by MERISTOCRACY-where you are in society is the result of your own skill & effort. You are stratified into and educational trajectory based on expected capacity, derived from standarized tests
Meritocraces aim to eliminate the reproduction of social class in capitalist democracies by
IMPROVING ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION
to some extent they have succeeded-after WO2 educational levels have risen & social mobility increased. High class occupations (are less revered compared to some generations ago)
however, the link between origin & destination has remained stable since the 1990s. Social reproduction now occurs via the educational system= NEW CLASS RELATED DIVIDES=increased social distance between educational groups
Finally, the reward structure behind the meritocracy is sometimes difficult to justify-does a banker really deserve more than a carpetner
The meritocracy works as a belief system
= in order to erode class identites, the public must believe that the system works-our consequences of this belief is th
e greater individual responsibility for your socio economic position in society
THE WELFARE STATE
-central in the idea of class conflict, it also considered the result of negotiations between organized interests of workers & employers
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