Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
SETTLEMENTS (Components (Utilities (Electricity, Telecommunication,…
SETTLEMENTS
-
Hierarchy
Megalopolis
A megalopolis, sometimes called a megapolis; also megaregion, or supercity, is typically defined as a group of two or more roughly adjacent metropolitan areas, which may be somewhat separated or may merge into a continuous urban region.
Metropolis
A metropolis is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications.
-
-
Town
Towns see an increase in services, for example, they would have senior schools and police stations.
-
Hamlet
A small settlement, generally one smaller than a village, and strictly (in Britain) one without a church.
-
Burgess Model
The central business district has many components such as commercial areas, offices and supermarkets. Central Business districts also give unemployed people many places in which they can find jobs.
The transition zone consists of deteriorating houses, factories and many abandoned buildings. The transition zone states that this is the zone where most places are being converted from houses into office buildings and factories. Hence, the name "transition" zone.
Buildings such as single family tenements make up the working class zone. Here, we see these tenements being built upon, as the structure and foundation of many office buildings. This zone also consists of office buildings.
In places where you find many houses or housing complexes, that zone is the residential zone. These places consist of housing in many different ways, commercial areas, as well as supermarkets and hospitals. Residential areas are also where most schools are found.
The commuter zone is basically the suburbs for any type of city. The commuter zone is spread out (not too much), and consists of mainly single building housing and factories.
Patterns
Linear
Linear settlements are settlements where the buildings are constructed in lines, often next to a geographical feature like a lake shore, a river or following a road. When linear settlements follow a road or a river, the road or river often predate the settlement.
Nucleated
Nucleated settlements are have houses which are closely grouped together, they are often around a central feature like a church, pub or village green. New settlements that are planned often have a nucleated pattern.
Dispersed
Dispersed settlements where houses are spread over a wide area. They are often the homes of farmers and can be found in many rural areas.
Key Terms
The site is basically what are the features of a particular area that someone is planning to build a settlement on. If the settlement has a good amount of resources, has proper flat land as well as arable land, that site is a good place to build a settlement
The situation of a settlement is the description of a settlement in relation to all the physical features that the site provides. For example, if the site has a fair amount of resources, the settlement's situation is that it will be easy to grow size.
The sphere of influence is what influences a settlement's decisions and how the settlement grows, along with what component are available in the settlement. If most adjacent settlements have many office buildings, slowly, this particular settlement will start increasing its number of office buildings.
Factors
Positive
Availability of building materials in some places is good, since they can easily build new structures for carious purposes
-
Vantage point were necessary for the ancient settlements. This was needed, since the settlement's neighbors were trying to attack them (just an example)
Bridging was necessary, for most settlements were and currently are located next to river. So if people needed to get to the other bank, they either needed to use a boat or the would build a bridge
Negative
When resources such as wood and bricks is scarce, it becomes harder to build structures. This makes a particular area unsuitable for a settlement
Natural disasters such as volcanoes and earthquakes can damage the settlement at a massive scale. The natural disasters can even wipe out an entire settlement
Easily flooded land is an obstacle when building farmland and buildings, since the land is very prone to floods. These floods can possibly destroys buildings, as well as farmland.
Marshy terrain is also hard to build on, since the building must have a stable surface to be built on. This will also cost more money than usual, since the workers will go through many unusual obstacles.
Steep land is hard to build on, since the buildings must be kept at perfect angles so that the structure doesn't tumble. This makes it very difficult to build things such as farmland.
Settlement Growth
Benefits
Security
When moving into a city, you have more people that you can possibly depend on. You can depend on these people to keep you safe from crimes that can possibly occur.
Infrastructure
When moving into a city, there are many public buildings such as banks and shopping malls. Anyone can enter those buildings.
Small Business
When moving into a city, most people do so to find a job. This is easier, since more companies move into cities to hire people who can possibly work for them. You have a higher possibility to find jobs in cities than in any other place.
Social Benefits
When living in a city, there are many privileges that you get. There are many entertainment areas that you can visit, and your healthcare and shopping can be done in close proximity. You can also be close with the society and have a lot of fun
Problems
-
Resource scarcity
We need to provide our growing population with more food and water to keep them alive. With the current resources that we have, we are barely able to sustain the people that live on this planet.
Pollution
Due to the growing population on this planet, more resources are being used and thrown, resulting in higher levels of pollution than before.
Crime / Vandalism
Since some people are not given proper education, they are caught in crimes such as stealing and drug smuggling, just so that they can feed themselves and their families.