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Chapter 4: Computer Technology in Communication (Digital communications,…
Chapter 4:
Computer Technology in Communication
Digital communications
:red_flag: Process of two or more computers/devices transfer data, instruction and information.
:red_flag: Involve cables/wires, or through air (wireless).
5 Components
Sender - Device that initiates instructions to transmit message.
Receiver - Device that accepts transmission of message.
Message - Data, information or instructions.
Medium - Communication channel where the message travel from sender to receiver.
Protocol - Set of rules that govern the communications.
Network
categorized according to
Area of Coverage (geographical area)
:check: Personal Area Network (PAN) - Individual’s work space
:check: Body Area Network (BAN) - Body Sensor Network (BSN)
:check: Local Area Network (LAN) - Building (wire/cable)
:check: Wireless LAN - Single-building LAN & Multiple-building LAN
:check: Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - Town, City
:check: Wide Area Network (WAN) - Country, World, State
Network Architecture
(configuration)
:check: Client/Server - One or more computers act as the server (host computer), other computers (clients) on the network request services from the server.
:check: Peer-to-Peer - All computers have equal
responsibilities and capabilities.
Network Topology
(Arrangement)
:check: Ring, Star, Bus, Tree, Mesh
Internet
Internet = Network
World Wide Web (WWW) = Collection of electronic document/Service
Communication devices
:red_flag: Any type of hardware capable of
transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sender and a receiver through transmission media.
:red_flag: eg. Modems, router
Communication lines
:black_flag: A dedicated line which always-on physical connection that is establish between 2 communication device.
:black_flag: eg. Cable, Digital Subscriber Line, Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
Communication transmission media
:red_flag: Carry communication signals.
:red_flag: Physical (Twisted pair cable, Coaxial cable, Fiber-optic cable) or Wireless (Infrared, Microwaves, Broadcast radio)
Communication standards and protocols
To ensure compatibility in moving data between the different computers and devices on across networks.
A network
standard
defines
guidelines that specify the the way computers access the medium (eg. Ethernet).
A network
protocol
is a standard that outlines characteristics of how two devices communicate on a network (eg. Radio Frequency Identification - RFID)
Mobile Networks
:star: Based on cellular network
:star: Every generation
has improvements become more faster transmission, better quality and Bandwidth.
