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Transport processes (Water Potential (potential measured in (Megapascals (…

- - - - effect solutes have on water potential
      - pure water
        
        no solute present
        
        0.0 MPa
  - - - = 10 bars
    - - 10 bars =
        
        10 atmospheres of pressure
    - - water potential = zero
    - - pressure potential
  - - - water's adhesion to nondisolved structures
      - adhesion decreases water's free energy
- - - - main driving force assumed to be
        
        Membrane bound molecular pumps
        
        active transport
  - - - to sieve elements
        
        sieve tube members in angiosperms
        
        sieve cells in plants other than angiosperms
- - - - all solutions diffuse through
    - - nothing passes
      - occur as isolation barriers
    - - only certain substances pass through
    - - assist in water movement
      - protein channels
    - - use atp
      - force molecules across cell membrane
      - active transport
  - - - and fuse with organelles
    - - from ER to dictyosomes
- - - - K+ transported into cells #
      - guard cells open
    - - guard cells closed
    - - negative osmotic potential #
  - - - entire midrib
      - where petiole attaches to
        
        Stem
        
        lamina
  - - - mostly cell walls
- - - - water molecules interact with each other
    - - molecules interact with other substances
  - - - Most widely accepted model
    - - water loss via intercellular space
    - - water loss via cuticle
  - - - normal controlling factor
        
        light
        
        carbon dioxide
    - - main controlling factor
    - - overrides light and carbon dioxide
      - hormone
      - forces guard cells to close
      - caused by water stress
      - often occurs early afternoon