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34 year old male with AIDS (treated (Abacavir (Ziagen, ABC) (interrupts…
34 year old male with AIDS
HIV attacks T cells until T cells reach below 200 per cubic millimeter, or when patient develops an opportunistic infection or illness
tested positive for HIV a year ago
virus inserts itself into cell DNA
Virus replicates itself using DNA
antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infection, but usually cannot target viral infections because the DNA cell is the infection
The lytic cycle-reproduction of viruses using a host cell to manufacture more viruses/lysogenic cycle-incorporation of the viral genome into the host cell genome, infecting it from within
treated
Abacavir (Ziagen, ABC)
interrupts virus replication/possibly slowing spread of virus in the body
Didanosine (Videx, dideoxyinosine, ddI)
Emtricitabine (Emtriva, FTC)
Lamivudine (Epivir, 3TC)
Stavudine (Zerit, d4T)
Tenofovir (Viread, TDF)
Zalcitabine (Hivid, ddC)
Zidovudine (Retrovir, ZDV or AZT)
untreated
profound, unexplained fatigue
Red, brown, pink or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose or eyelids
recurring fever or profuse night sweats
rapid weight loss
pneumonia
Swollen lymph glands in the armpits, groin or neck
memory loss, depression and neurological disorders
susceptibility to opportunistic infection or illness
inevitable death
innate response
multipotential hematopoietic stem cell
common myeloid progenitor
myeoblast
leukocytes
monocytes mutate into macrophages/fights off bacteria, viruses and fungi
lymphocytes-attacks pathogens/produce antibodies
spleen
major lymphoid organhas the ability to produce lymphocytes and, as such, remains a hematopoietic organ
thymus
site of t cell maturation/in adults generation of T cells has slowed
lymph nodes
site of stored T cells
contain B cells and T cells/If a cell is stimulated, it will go on to produce more antibodies, or act as a memory cell to help the body fight future infection
natural iller cell
small lymphocyte
B cell
plasma cell
T cell
eosinophils- phagocytize allergens/parasitic worms
made in bone marrow
neutrophils-phagocytize pathogens
basophil-histamine releasing
mast cell
erythrocyte
megakaryocyte
first line of defense
skin
mucus/mucus membrane
tears
vomit
urine/feces
bacteria
ceruminous
second line of defense/nonspecific
chemical-interferon, compliment, perforin, granzyme
physiological responses- inflammation- fever, swelling, pain, redness, immobility
third line of defense
adaptive response
common lymphoid