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Nigeria: A NEE (General Facts and Figures (Borders 4 countries - Benin,…
Nigeria: A NEE
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Quality of Life
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Requirements for improvement
- Political - A stable government
- Environmental - Fixing problems such as pollution from oil spills and finding ways to over come things like tsetse fly
- Social - Mending the divide between the Muslim North and the Christian South
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Political Links
CEN-SAD (Community of Sahel-Saharan States) and ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States). They are both trading groups
African Union - Economic planning and peacekeeping group. In alliance with its bordering countries to provide troops
OPEC (Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries) - Aims to stabilise the price of oil and ensure a regular supply
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Context
Political Context
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Until 1999 a lack of political stability affected Nigeria's development and lead to widespread corruption
Several countries are investing in Nigeria:
- China - Investments in construction in Abuja
- South Africa - Investments in business and banking
- America - Companies such as General Electric are investing in new power plants
Social Context
Ethnic groups include:
- Yoruba (21%)
- Hausa and Fulani (29%)
- Igbo (18%)
- There many other smaller groups
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The Islamic fundamentalist group Boko Haram has had a negative impact on the economy. Causing a rise in unemployment and reduced overseas investment
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Environmental Context
North
Semi- dessert and savanna areas. Mainly used for grazing cattle
Jos Plateau
Densely populated by farmland and woodland. Wetter and cooler than the north
South
High temperatures and rainfall. Lots of forest with crops like rubber and cocoa. Hard to keep cattle due to tsetse fly which transmits a parasite that kills livestock
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Impacts of TNC's
Advantages:
- Provide jobs and development of new skills
- More money spent in the economy
- Investment in local infrastructure and education
- Export revenue
Disadvantages:
- Local workers can be poorly paid
- Working conditions can be poor
- Higher paid and skilled jobs o to employees brought in by the TNC
- Most of the profit goes abroad
- Grants and subsidies used to entice TNC's could have been used elsewhere
Unilever
Anglo-Dutch TNC that produces food, drinks and household items
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Shell Oil
Benefits:
- Major contributions to taxes and export revenue
- 65,000 direct jobs, 250,000 indirect jobs
- Supporting the growth of Nigeria's energy sector
- 91% of Shell contracts go to Nigerian companies
Drawbacks:
- Oil spills have caused water pollution and soil degradation, causing a reduction in agricultural production and fishing yields
- Oil flares send toxic fumes into the air
- Militant groups disrupt oil supply
- Oil theft and sabotage cost TNC's and the government billions each year
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Nigeria's Importance
Global Importance
The 12th largest producer of oil, supplying 2.7% of the world's oil.
Very diverse economy, including financial services, media and telecommunications
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