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MECHANISMS (Rotary motions mechanisms (Pulley trains with belts (The…

- - - - The helical gear
      - The bevel gear
      - The spur gear
    - - All the teeth need to be the same shape and size
      - The two wheels and the two axles rotate in oppposite directions
      - Cogwheels are sets of wheels that have teeth callled cogs
      - They mesh toghether so that one wheel moves another. They transmit a rotary motion between the two connected axles, wich can be parallel, perpendicular or oblique
- - - - A crankshaft transforms the rotatory motion of an axle into a reciprocating motion with different connecting rods moving at different times
      - It can also transform the reciprocating motion of the rods into a rotatory motion of the axle
      - This is the set of connecting rods attached to a jointed axle. Each of the joints of the axle acts as a crank
    - - This is basically a rotating shape that pushes a follower -- as it moves
      - A cam transforms rotatory motion into reciprocating motion in the follower or bar. This is touched and moved by the edge of the cam when it rotates
      - We can change the shape and the usable profiles (the outside edge of the piece) that are more or less pointed to produce more complex movements:
        
        Slight elevations
        
        Brusque falls
        
        Variuos jumps per rotation
      - A set of cams fixed on the same axle is called a camshaft
    - - The slider outputs reciprocating motion
      - As the wheel rotates, the crank transmits the rotatory motion to connecting rod, wich moves with a reciprocating motion
      - This rod has articulated joints at each end--one is connected to the crank and the other to the slider
      - This crank-link-slider system can work in reverse -- it can transform reciprocating motion or oscillating motion into rotatory motion
      - This is composed of a crank and a roll called a connecting rod or link
    - - It transforms the rotary motion of the wheel into reciprocating motion in the connecting rod
      - The distance between the centre of the cicumference
      - This consists of a wheel with an off-centre rotation axle (the axle doesn´t coincide with the centre of its circumference
  - - - If the bolt rotates and the nut can´t turn, the nut moves in a linear motion along the threared axle
      - If the nut rotates in a fixed position the bolt will move in a linear motion
      - This consists of a bolt or threaded bar and a nut that has the same interior diameter of the bolt
    - - The effort needed to turn the winch is less than if we tried to turn it directly
      - The winch consists of a drum that rotates on its axle. It´s used to pull or lift an object
      - The cranck is used to turn the winch
      - If the crank handle is longer, we need less effort to lift the load
      - This consists of a crank handle attached to the axle of a cylindrical drum (or winch)
    - - This is used a pinion (a small cogwheel) mounted on a rack (a toothed belt or bar)
      - When the pinion rotates, the rack advances in a linear motion
      - The ratio between the number of rotations of the pinion and the velocity of movement of the rack
- - - - Fixed pulleys
        
        A fixed pulley is balanced when the effort is equal to the load
      - Moveable pulleys
        
        A moveable pulley is balanced when the effort is equal to the load divided by two
      - Levers
        
        Types of levers:
        
        Class 2
        
        The load is between the effort and the fulcrum
        
        Class 3
        
        The effort is between the fulcrum and the load
        
        Class 1
        
        The load and the effort are on opposite sides of the fulcrum
      - Compound pulleys
        
        The compound pulleys is a set of fixed and
- - - - Round
      - Trapezoidal
      - Flat