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LIL - HTTP Essential Training (Terminlogy (User Agent (Application acting…
LIL - HTTP Essential Training
HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Protocol
System of rules that allow communication between different entities (e.g. computer)
Hypertext
Text displayed on a computer screen w hyperlinks to other text.(web documents).
What?
Set of rules, servers and browsers used to transfer web documents back and forth.
Pinciples of HTTP
Plain Language & Human Readable
E.g. : GET, POST, PUT...
Stateless Protocol
but not sessionless
Request/Response pair
Characteristics
Sessions
Cookies
HTTP Headers
Content
Type of client
Server config
Response time
Data storage duration
Data format
Cookies used to track sessions
Versions
HTTP/1.1
Still exist, fallback if HTTP/2 fails
HTTP/2
Faster & more secure
Compression algorithms to speed up requests
Multiflexion to send multiples files at the same time
Requires encrypted connexion between the client and the server through HTTPs
Terminlogy
Browers
Appliclication used to access and navigate between HTML documents
User Agent
Application acting on behalf of the user - literally an agent of the user - tipically a browser
also called client application
TCP
Short for Transmission Control Protocol, on of the main internet protocols used by the World Wide Web, email, FTP and remote administration
IP
Short for Internet Protocol, IP is used to actually transfer data between computers over a network. Every device connected to the internet has an IP address
URL
Short for Uniform Resource Locator, an address pointing at a resource on the web
DNS
Short for Domain Name Server, DNS catalogs all domain name URLs and points them to the IP addresses of servers
Resource
File or files available on a server when Following a URL
Server
Computer on the internet running some form of data storage and sharing application, most commonly a web server application
Proxy
Software or hardware service acting as a middle person between client and servers
Request-Response Pairs
Clients and servers communicate over HTTP using request-response pairs. A request is sent, and a response is returned.
Header
Requests and responses use HTTP headers to pass information back and forth.
HTTP Request Method/Verb
Every HTTP request contains a method - a.k.a. a verb - explaining what action the sender wants to perform on the resource.
Status Response Code
Numerical code in the 100 to 500 range describing what type of response the server sent back to the client.
Cache
Method for storing data on the client or the server to speed up performance
Stateless
HTTP is stateless, meaning every request and response is unique, and no state is stored.
Cookie
STring of data passed back and forth between the client and the server to create a stateful session
Session
Clients and servers can share information about states by passing information back and forth, creating a session.
URN
Universal Resource Name
Everything after the protocol.
