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Structure of woody plants (secondary phloem (part of cambium vascular…
Structure of woody plants
secondary xylem
heartwood
dark wood
composed of dead cells
structurally strong primary xylem
sap wood
lighter wood
serves in water conduction
types of woods
soft wood
gymnosperm
no covering
seeds fall on ground
no fibers
hard wood
angiosperm
produce seeds
have covering
has fibers
reaction wood
forms normal woods
response to gravity
cambial cells are oriented
found on branches and leaning stem
growth rings
stem of woody plants
increment of wood added during single growth period
grows in temperate region
also called annual ring
secondary phloem
part of cambium vascular growth
food conducting tissue
located at inner bark
has axial and radial system
contains seive tube membrane
companion cell in angiosperm
secondary growth in roots
form cell division in the cambia
occurs
when cell forms residual procambium
begin to make periclinal division
woody angiosperm
vascular cambium has shape like xylem
inter fascicular cambium arises
vascular cambium
fascicular cambium
#
located at the primary vascular bundles
inter fascicular cambium
Tangentially to form a ring of vascular cambium
fusiform initial
elongate cells
two elongate cellsa
are long
have periclinal wall
ray initial
isodiamatric cells
horizontal system secondary cell
fuction
storage of food and water
acts as translocation
radial system of bark and wood
similar to fusiform initials
undergo periclinal cell division
Arrangement of cambial cells
organized in specific patterns
fusiform initials
horizontal rows
can be
uniseriate
one cell
biseriate
two cells
multiseriate
many celss
ray initials
short vertical rows
irregular
initiation of vascular cambium
#
extended each year
one of the meristem
produce the secondary plant body
outer bark
cork cell
#
grow through cell division
dead cells also called phellem cells
function
protects against water loss and predators
protected by thick bark
requires that tissue on the periphery of the plant
innermost phloem cells form and mature
initiation of cork cambia
extended every one year
number of tissues arises
variable
lenticels and oxygen diffusion
permeable to oxygen
blocks absorption of oxygen
retain water
