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34- year old male presents with a recent diagnosis of AIDS. (((Organs of …
34- year old male presents with a recent diagnosis of AIDS.
Practicing unsafe sex.
Males are at a higher risk of HIV
HIV causes AIDS, due to an increase in damaged cells.
Patient was diagnosed with HIV a year ago.
Due to the lack of T-cells the body is not able to fight illness therefore death can occur.
organs start to shut down due to not being able to fight infections, such as the kidneys, spleen, lymph nodes.
Malnutrition because it affects the metabolism its no absorbing all the nutrients and there is a lack of food intake by patients.
meningitis is a common opportunistic infection with people who have AIDS.
May cause neurological symptoms such as confusion, anxiety, depression, forgetfulness.
Leukocytes
Cells that fight bacteria, virus and fungus once they enter our body.
Lymphocytes: which are made of T,B and NK cells. The function is to respond, act and recognize antigens, produce antibodies and destroy cells that causes damage.
Immune system response
Innate immunity: this responds immediately, multiple components will react. Skins, mucosa, and other non-specific internal responses. Cells, chemicals and physiological responses will act.
Adaptive immunity: Its when lymphocytes will activated and replicate and respond when stimulated by a specific antigen. T and B lymphocytes and plasma cells will release antibodies.
Viral and Bacterial infections
Viral infection is when the antigen infects the host cells inside a living organism,they replicate only in the host cells. Treat may include antiviral medications for some virus and some vaccines can help to prevent a viral infection.
Bacterial infection is when microorganism infected the tissue due to bacteria. Treatment for bacterial infections include antibiotics.
Cells of Immune system
Macrophages, B-cell, T-cells, NIK cells, mast cells, and dendrite cells.
Leukocytes which include: neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes.
Organs of immune system
Primary Organs: Bone marrow and thymus
Secondary organs: Lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, adenoids, skin, mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue and liver.
Stages of a virus
Lytic stage: Attachment to the surface of host, penetration enters the host cell, biosynthesis DNA replicates, maturation new pages are assemble and lysis phages are released
Lysogenic stage: infects the cell, the phage DNA becomes incorporated into the host genome, the cell divides , DNA replicates and phage proteins are made, new phage particles are assembled and finally cells lyses,releasing the new phages.
Difference between HIV and AIDS
HIV: Targets the immune system. It affects and destroys the helper t-lymphocytes over a period of time. T-lymphocytes cause them to produce HIV RNA at the rate that induces lysis.
AIDS: is an HIV infection diagnosed as AIDS when a person's T-lymphocytes count drops below 200 cells per cubic millimeter, or when the person develops opportunistic infections or illness. The autoimmune system because to weak that is unable to fight any other illness.