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Memory, Models (Information-processing Model - Model of memory that…
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Models
Information-processing Model - Model of memory that assumes the processing of information for memory storage is similar to the way a computer processes memory in a series of three stages
Levels-of-processing model - model of memory that assumes information that is more “deeply processed,” or processed according to its meaning rather than just the sound or physical characteristics of the word or words, will be remembered more efficiently and for a longer period of time
Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) model - a model of memory in which memory processes are proposed to take place at the same time over a large network of neural connections.
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Systems
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Long-Term Memory (LTM) - The memory system into which all the information is placed to be kept more or less permanently
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Types of LTM
Non declarative (Implicit) Memory - Memory for skills, procedures, habits, conditioned responses, etc.
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Forgetting
Reasons We Forget
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Memory Trace Decay - physical change in the brain that occurs when a memory is formed but 'decays' if not used
Decay - Loss of memory due to the passage of time, during which the memory trace is not used
Disuse - Another name for decay, assuming that memories that are not used will eventually decay and disappear.
Interference - memories may not always be accessible to attempted retrieval because other information interferes
Proactive Interference - Memory problem that occurs when older information prevents or interferes with the learning or retrieval of newer information.
Retroactive Interference - Memory problem that occurs when newer information prevents or interferes with the retrieval of older information
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