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Reading Comprehension (What are the approaches to comprehension…
Reading Comprehension
Why is assessing comprehension complicated?
Comprehension is never all or nothing
We can't fully see what is in the reader's mind
Contextual factors influence comprehension (purpose, genre, text structure)
Individual factors influence comprehension (decoding ability, fluency, prior knowledge, interest, vocabulary, working memory, self regulation)
The readability of the materials needs to be assessed (through subjective judgement, readability formula, or the Lexile Analyzer)
What are the approaches to comprehension assessment?
Cloze Assessment
Maze Task
Questions
Literal Questions
Inferential Questions
Critical Questions
Oral Retellings
Written Responses to Text
Oral Miscue Analysis
Sentence Verification
Student-generated questions
Performance Tasks
High-Level Discussions or Book Clubs
Word Lists
Computer-Based Comprehension Assessments
Computer-Adaptive Tests
Advantages: Theoretical construct of comprehension, time allocation for administrations, reading levels, test reliability, and data management
Cautions: Expensive, technology factors, and assessment system component
What are they: tests that adjust the difficulty of the questions and/or passages depending on the student responses
Why are students struggling with comprehension and what to do next?
Cognitive Pathway #1: Comprehension is hindered by poor decoding
Informal Reading Inventory
Retelling Units
Picture Walk
Cognitive Pathway #2: Comprehension is hindered by limited knowledge and vocabulary
PPVT-5
EVT-3
Vocabulary Recognition Task
Cognitive Pathway #3: Comprehension is hindered by poorly developed strategies
Purposes for Reading Interview
Informal Reading Inventory
Index of Reading Awareness
Textbook Interview
Why is assessing reading comprehension important?
To determine how well a child has comprehended a particular section
To determine how well a child can comprehend overall