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:pen: ELT METHODOLOGY :check: (Grammar Translation (DISADVANTAGES…
:pen: ELT METHODOLOGY
:check:
Grammar Translation
TEACHER'S ROLE
Active.
Presents, explaıns and commands students' in students' mother tongue.
ADVANTAGES
Easy elabration of texts
Development of grammar structures and vocabulary learning.
STUDENT'S ROLE
[
Passive.
Memorizes vocabulary, conjugate verbs and translate texts.
DISADVANTAGES
Students' don't develop oral communicative skills.
Has no theory.
Content has no context
Structure is more relevant than content.
ABILITY
Reading
Writing
CLASS SUMMARY
Explanation
Translation
Presentation
HISTORY
During the 18th and 19th century, in the Europeans Univirsities. It had a cultural intention.
Cooperative Learning and Multiple Intelligences
ABILITY
Listening
Social
Linguistic
Cognitive
Emphasizes
Speaking
CLASS SUMMARY
Students' work in small groups ( Formal, Informal, Cooperative)
Based on teaching strategies
STUDENT'S ROLE
Learner centered cooperative work
Autonomy work
Active
ADVANTAGES
Promotes instrinsic motivation, preserance and cooperative learning expreiences
TEACHER'S ROLE
Facilitator/Coach
Monitor
Provides
Feedback
DISADVANTAGES
Group work can lead to inequality of contributions
Some students can feel left out or behind
Students' have the tendencies to get off tasks
HISTORY
Created by May and Dob in 1973 who got influenced by John Dewey, Burt Lewin and Morton Deutsh
Silent Way
ABILITY
Productive Skills
Receptive Skills
CLASS SUMMARY
Presentation of the structure production
Find words
Feedback
Real control of the language
STUDENT'S ROLE
Responsible
Cooperative
Independent
Autonomous
ADVANTAGES
Students' uses the language for self-expression
Teacher cannot be overprotective
TEACHER'S ROLE
Expert
Silent Technician
DISADVANTAGES
Materials deteriorate over time
Atmosphere too abstract for students'
Teacher too distant to create affective links
HISTORY
Caleb Gattengo
Natural
ABILITY
Speaking
Listening
CLASS SUMMARY
TEACHER'S ROLE
Teacher is the primary source of the comprehensible input of the target language
Teacher creates a classtoom atmosphere
Teacher chooses a rich mix of classroom activities
ADVANTAGES
The way in which students' acquire the new language
Environment of the class
Meaningful and motivating class
STUDENT'S ROLE
Active role
Takes decisions about speking 3 stages
DISADVANTAGES
Delap of Oral production
Lack of accuracy translation
HISTORY
Developed by Stephen Krashen & Tracy Terrell in 1977
Communicative
ADVANTAGES
Class environmnet is comfortable for teacher and students.
Students became the main character of the learning process.
Students feel closer to the language that they use it in other contexts.
CLASS SUMMARY
Oral practice, Presentation of a dialogue, Practice, Evaluation
ABILITY
Listening
Speaking
DISADVANTAGES
Long classes for students.
Perception of the activities could be too abstract for students.
Target language used in classroom couldn't be useful in real life.
STUDENT'S ROLE
Students practice target language as much as possible and interact with their partners.
TEACHER'S ROLE
Teacher acts as a guide of the process.
Teacher facilitates the communication process.
HISTORY
Created against audio-lingual and grammar translation method. Developed by Robert Langs.
Content-based
ABILITY
Listening
Reading
Wriing
Speaking
CLASS SUMMARY
Presentation of a meaningful topic
Activities to engage
Learn vocabulary fron the presented topic.
Speaking and listening enhanced.
STUDENT'S ROLE
Autonomous
Active
Be motivated
Immersed topics
ADVANTAGES
Students could cover the four abilities in a foreign language
Srudents are immersed with language
Students are able to evaluate and interpert.
TEACHER'S ROLE
Teacher engages them to cover different.
Teacher makes the language understandable for srudents.
DISADVANTAGES
Could make feel students uncomfortable and confused in terms of the acquisition of abilities
HISTORY
Language is used to learn content and learning in 1970's
Suggestopedia
ABILITY
Listening
Writing
Speaking
Reading
CLASS SUMMARY
Material presentation.
Primary activation.
Secondary activation.
Much attention is devoted to leaner feelings..
TEACHER'S ROLE
Auto-hypnotist
Authority Figure
ADVANTAGES
Encourages relaxtion
Strengthens self-image
Gives creative solution
Optimizes learning
Propagates talent
Include pictures,music & movement
STUDENT'S ROLE
True-Believer
Relaxer
Respects and trusts the teacher
DISADVANTAGES
None
HISTORY
It was developed by the Dr. Georgi Lozanov.
Lexical Approach
ABILITY
Productive skills
Receptive skills
CLASS SUMMARY
Language awareness
Experimentation
STUDENT'S ROLE
Observe and experiment with lingustic generalizations
ADVANTAGES
Recognizes the role of multiword units in language learning communication.
Can be used in lower classes of English
TEACHER'S ROLE
Creates a self-learning atmosphere
Provides real language for students.
DISADVANTAGES
Depends on student's memory
Refers to only one component of communicative competence
HISTORY
Total Physical Response
(TPR)
ABILITY
Writing
Speaking
CLASS SUMMARY
Grammar structures and vocabulary are teaching throw imitation, commands and repetition.
STUDENT'S ROLE
Listener role
Performer role
ADVANTAGES
Reduces pressure on Students.
Uses different learning teaching styles.
Alllows team work.
TEACHER'S ROLE
Direct role
Active role
DISADVANTAGES
Excludes shy students.
More suitable for beginners than advantage students.
Students do not use creativity.
HISTORY
Developed byJames Asher in 1970 to teach vocabulary and grammar rules.
Direct
ABILITY
Speaking
CLASS SUMMARY
Presentation of the topics
Students work in grammar and lexis
Students produce in wriiting or speaking activities
STUDENT'S ROLE
Led to self-correction and they are users of language
ADVANTAGES
Power of expression are properly developed
Studens' has a lively learnşng process
TEACHER'S ROLE
Directs activities and performer of target language
DISADVANTAGES
İt require a native speaker
Activities take lot of time
HISTORY
Task Based Approach
ABILITY
Speaking
Reading
Listening
Writing
CLASS SUMMARY
Circle task where students do different levels of task
Labguage focus: Students have to analyze and practice the language
Teacher presents the task. In the pre task
STUDENT'S ROLE
Accomplish specific tasks into the class.
ADVANTAGES
Interaction opportunity in the classroom.
Provides extra-lingustic skill building
Aims to give students a natural context for the use of the language.
TEACHER'S ROLE
Act as a student's tasks monitor.
DISADVANTAGES
Mistakes frighten make students be save in basic language.
Team work helps only advance students.
HISTORY
Prabhu 1987
Audio Lingual
ABILITY
Speaking
Speaking
Listening
Writing
CLASS SUMMARY
Repetition memorization of structures to repeat a dialogue
STUDENT'S ROLE
Imıtates and Produces the correct output
ADVANTAGES
Improves pronunciation
Useful for children
Improves direct communication
TEACHER'S ROLE
Guide
Modeling
DISADVANTAGES
Boring and mindless for students'
Can produce but not create
Too much importance to listening and oral speaking
HISTORY
World War II