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inheritance (mutation and genetic variation (can be caused by…
inheritance
mutation and genetic variation
change in type or amount of DNA.
can be spontaneous. (eg: during DNA replication, distribution of chromosones during call division)
can be caused by environmental factors
mutagenes. some are beneficial, some are harmful, increase the risk of disease (eg: cancer)
characteristics/traits can be inherited or not
genes: from parents
the environment were they develop
genes: inherited characteristics
eye color
earlobe shape
environmental factors: aquired characteristics
scars
hair length
phenotype
all characteristics that can be seen are named phenotype
phenotype= genotype+ environmental effects
classifying variations
contineous vaqriation
combined effect of genes and environmental factors
discontineous variation
small number of genes, environment has no effect
variation in humans
environmental factors change our phenotype
genetic causes of variaton
sexual reproduction (mixes genetic material)
meiosis: homologous chromosones exchangematerial. producing various gametes.
fertilization: male and female gamate combine
genotype
whole set of genes inside an organism is called genotype
environmental variation
the environment in which an organism lives cause significant variations in individuals
there are no 2 individuals that are identically the same (twins except)