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Public distribution system (Problem (Inclusion and exclusion errors…
Public distribution system
Introduction
Distribution of essential commodities
Large population
Through fair price shops, ration shops
Promote social economical policies
Evolved during world war 2
Till 1970 universal scheme
Distribution of subsidize force
1992 RPDS
Poor hilly and remote areas
1997 TPDS
Subsidised food for EWS
High importance
People's Union for civil liberties vs Union of India
Right to food article 21
National food security act 2013
Importance
/Objectvies
Ensuring food and nutritional security
Stabilizing food prices
Affordable for poor
Buffer stock
Emergency or low agricultural production
Redistribution of grains
Surplus region to deficit region
Procurement, MSP
Security to farmers
Inclusive growth and reducing hunger levels
Functioning
+issues
Procurement
MSP
Higher than market price
Centralised procurement
FCI directory buys From farmers
Decentralized procurement
10 state union territories pro-cure on behalf of FCI
Storage
Insufficient capacity with FCI
Third party private parties
Rotting or damaging
Allocation
To state governments
Central issue price
Identification of poor
State government
Issue of APL,BPL,AAY cards
Transportation
To state governments and fair price shoos of
Sale at Central issue price to beneficiary
Problem
Inclusion and
exclusion errors
Identification of poor,
expert 2009 61% exclusion error
bogus cards
Leakages
TPDS high 36% disappears
Low quality of foodgrains substituted
Futher diversion
High operational cost
Transportation and storage cost
Burden on exchequer
Migratory workers
Enable to assess FPS
Exclusion errors, stay not fixes
Only few food items
Wheat, rice
Not complete diet
Open ended procurement
Procured even if buffer stock is filled
Shortage in open market
Storage capacity
CAG report huge shortage
Rotting of valuable goods
Environmental issues
Water intensive
Underground water depletion
Soil deterioration
Over fertilizer use
TPDS
1 June 1997
Subsidised food grains to BPL
Propose 10 kg of food grain BPL family
Revised 20
Involvement of Gram panchayat and Gram Sabha
Identification of beneficiaries
Rural poor focus
BPL cards 50 Paisa per kg
Free for APL, CENTRAL ISSUE PRICES
Proper monitoring system
Reports every month
Transparency, details regarding
Cards issued, monthly allocation, issue price
Panchayat Nagar palika, oversee FPS
Vigilance committee, taluka district state level
Audit of PDS
Food corporation of India
Statuary body established 1965
Food corporation act 1964
Headquarters Delhi, 5 zonal office
25 regional office
Functions
Procurement of food grains
Open procurement at MSP
Quality control division of FCI
Inshorts procurement accordance to quality norms
Satisfactory level of buffer stock
National food security
Price stabilisation
Black marketing by hoarders
Allocations of foodgrain to States
Central issue price
Way forward
Aadhar link TPDS
Inclusion and exclusion errors
Technology based reforms
Madhya Pradesh IT measure
Digitalisation of cards
Computerized allocation
Nutrition level increase
Biofortified foods
Better infrastructure storage
Public participation
Social audit, SHG, NGO
Use of GPS in transportation
Web portal grievance redressal
Web-based grievance mechanism system