Chemistry
Elements: Basic components of matter These are substances that can’t be decomposed by normal means and can be combined to form.Substance composed of particles that can't be simplified
Atoms; Are composed of particles like protons, electrons and neutrons. what forms a chemical element.smallest particle of an element still that element
smallest particle of an element still that element
Compound: Substance composed by molecules of atoms. A substance that is made up of two or more separate elements, chemically joint together.
Molecule; A molecule is made up of two or more atoms chemically joined together. smallest particle of a compound still that compound
Solid: State of matter in which the molecules are very close together. Both the shape and the volume are fixed (definite).
Liquid: State of matter in which the molecules are father apart than in the solid state but not as far apart as they are in the gaseous state. The shape is indefinite (not fixed) and the volume is definite(fixed).
Gas: State of matter in which the molecules are very far apart. There is no fixed shape or volume.
What are the important elements for living organism ?Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen
Electrons: a subatomic particle that has a negative charge
Proton: a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron:
a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom
What is an ion? An element with atoms that vary in the number of electrons.An atom that has net electric charge
Types of ions
Bohr diagram
How many electrons can fit shell one? 2, 8, What are electrons in energy shell number 3 called ? Valence
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penta=5
sexta=6
tera=4
tri=3
di=2
Mono=1
octo=8
ide all of them
Polar bonds: Polar bonds are weak bonds between ‘polar’molecules. In polar molecules, atoms are covalently bonded, but because one of the atoms is so much bigger than the other, the shared electrons spend more time around it rather than the small atom(s), thus causing one side to be negative, the other to be positive.
Ionic Bonds – bonds between ionic atoms with opposite charges.
Covalent Bonds – bonds between atoms that share electrons in order to complete the valence shells of each atom.
