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Theories of Language Acquisition (Social Interactionist Perspective…
Theories of Language Acquisition
Social Interactionist Perspective
Social interactionists argue that the way a baby learns a language is both biological and social.
Some Interactionists even argue that babies and children cue their parents and other adults into giving them the linguistic exposure they need to learn a language.
children learn language out of need to function in society: “Babies acquire language in order to survive, have their needs met, and express themselves”
constructivism:
“Every function in the child’s cultural development appears twice: first, on the social level, and later, on the individual level; first, between people and then inside the child (intrapsychological)
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The More Knowledgeable Other (MKO). The MKO refers to anyone who has a better understanding or a higher ability level than the learner, with respect to a particular task, process, or concept.
The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). The ZPD is the distance between a student’s ability to perform a task under adult guidance and/or with peer collaboration and the student’s ability solving the problem independently. According to Vygotsky, learning occurred in this zone.
Some argue that "nature" is entirely responsible for how a baby learns a language, while others argue that "nurture" is responsible for how a baby picks up his or her mother tongue.
From birth, children are surrounded by others who talk to them or with them. This communication plays a part in how the baby learns to speak his or her native language.
NATIVIST
Chomsky: linguistic Universal grammer
Children need exposure to language
Language acquisition follows same pattern regardless of language
Children know words and word order
Language functions do appear to be localised in the brain, much as we would expect were Chomsky to be correct in his surmise that language is innate. However, language functions appear to be distributed throughout the brain, and in normal use, the whole brain is brought into play.
Ability to learn and produce language
BEHAVIORISM
Skinner - Predictable responses through repetition
habits formed by rewards