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Roots (Other Types of Roots and Root Modifications (Prop Roots (Buttress…

- - - - used in production of shoots
  - - - water proof barrier
  - - - fungal hyphae penetrate root cortex
      - don't invade the cells
    - - herbaceous plants
      - penetrates past cortex
      - stops at casparian strip
      - invade cell
      - do not break host plasma
      - form arbuscule
        
        plants absorb phosphorus from this
  - - - modified roots of parasitic plants
      - few root structures remain
      - most mount host view adhesion
      - penetration occurs via
        
        forcing shaft cells through epidermis
        
        haustorium radially cracking host epidermis
      - many only attack xylem
  - - - blocking light
      - strangling growth
- - - - undergo cell division
      - Have files of pushed forward cells
    - - Dense starch grains form
        
        settles to lower side of cell
      - ER becomes displaced
      - Structure and metabolism change
        
        secrete large amounts of mucigel
  - - - inactive region of meristem
      - Cells are resistant to
        
        Radiation
        
        toxic chemicals
      - can form new apical meristem
  - - - has tangential walls
    - - bands of altered walls
    - - to vascular tissue
  - - - only have caparian strips
      - Slow developing
    - - Caused by watertight sheath
  - - - Proxylem
        
        Metaxylem
      - Prophloem
        
        Metaphloem
    - - ground tissue (parenchyma)
        
        turns into cortex
- - - - Anchoring to substrate
      - Absorbing water and minerals
      - Produce hormones
- - - - Can produce more lateral roots
        
        become very similar to
        
        Branched shoot system
      - Can become swollen
    - - embryonic root
        
        Becomes larger root in system
    - - Similar sized roots
      - radicle dies after germination
    - - increase absorptive capacity
      - Increase transport capacity
  - - - Thick layer of cells
      - Protects apical meristem
    - - Made by dictyosomes
      - Complex polysaccharide
      - Lubricates passage for root
    - - Located behind root cap
      - Cells undergo division and expansion
    - - Located behind Zone of elongation
      - Epidermal cell extend out
    - - only forms in absence of elongation
      - increase root surface area
      - can enter areas roots cannot
      - help extract water and minerals
      - helps form carbonic acid
- - - - turns into apical meristem
      - Pushes out word
    - - breaks through the epidermis