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Transport Processes (Water Potential (Water has free energy (A capacity to…

- - - - Cell walls, membranes, and soil particles
  - - - Animal cells can burst if placed in pure water
- - - - Postulated to be the important driving factors
  - - - Leaves are dominant sources
    - - Conducting cell plasma membranes are permeable
        
        Monosaccharides and disaccharids
        
        Not to polysaccharids
  - - - Specific mass transfer
  - - - Goes to cell center and becomes a tangled mass
        
        P-protein plug
      - To large to pass through
    - - Precipitates into a flocculent mass
      - Carried along with P-protein to nearest sieve areas
- - - - Fish may suffocate
      - Uses a lot of oxygen
  - - - Hail
- - - - High concentration to low concentration
    - - Osmosis
  - - - Allow all solutes to diffuse through them
      - Have little biological significance
    - - Do not allow anything to pass through
      - Occur as isolation barriers
    - - Selectively permeable membrane
      - Allow only certain substances to pass through
      - All lipid/protein cell membranes
    - - Membrane channels for water
- - - - Based on properties of water and solutions
    - - Water molecules interact strongly with each other
    - - Adhesive
  - - - When stomatal pores are open
        
        Unavoidably allow water loss
        
        Transstomatal transpiration
      - Most widely accepted model of this process
      - Water loss through the cuticle
        
        Transcuticular transpiration
    - - Drought avoidance
        
        Known as desert ephemerals
      - Drought tolerance
        
        Live through dry periods
        
        Loose water more rapidly than gaining
      - Body water content that changes with habitat moisture
        
        Poikilohydry
    - - Hydrogen bonding is broken over a large region
      - Water column breaks
    - - Air bubble
      - Expands until surface encounters a solid barrier
        
        Pit membranes