Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

VJ, 81 yo M (right femoral neck fracture (open reduction internal fixation…

- - - - Post surgical pain, possibility of infection
        
        Ancef prescription to reduce risk of infection
        
        Monitor kidney function, skin, bowel function s/s of infection
        
        Morphine, Percocet PRN pain
        
        Monitor BP. if sBP <100 hold medication. Monitor for respiratory depression
        
        May cause constipation
        
        Docusate prescription
        
        Monitor bowel function, stool consistency and frequency
      - Monitoring of CBC for WBC, RBC, Indicies, H&H (infection, blood loss)
        
        Monitoring of skin (incision)
    - - Hematoma formation: Blood vessels in the broken bone tear and hemorrhage, resulting in the formation of clotted blood, or a hematoma, at the site of the break. The severed blood vessels at the broken ends of the bone are sealed by the clotting process. Bone cells deprived of nutrients begin to die.
      - Bone generation: Within days of the fracture, capillaries grow into the hematoma, while phagocytic cells begin to clear away the dead cells. Though fragments of the blood clot may remain, fibroblasts and osteoblasts enter the area and begin to reform bone. Fibroblasts produce collagen fibers that connect the broken bone ends, while osteoblasts start to form spongy bone. The repair tissue between the broken bone ends, the fibrocartilaginous callus, is composed of both hyaline and fibrocartilage. Some bone spicules may also appear at this point.
      - Bony callous formation: The fibrocartilaginous callus is converted into a bony callus of spongy bone. It takes about two months for the broken bone ends to be firmly joined together after the fracture. This is similar to the endochondral formation of bone when cartilage becomes ossified; osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone matrix are present.
      - Bone remodeling: The bony callus is then remodelled by osteoclasts and osteoblasts, with excess material on the exterior of the bone and within the medullary cavity being removed. Compact bone is added to create bone tissue that is similar to the original, unbroken bone. This remodeling can take many months; the bone may remain uneven for years.