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COMPETING IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT (ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ENVIRONMENT (TRADE…
COMPETING IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT
MARKETING
ETHICAL ISSUES
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Targeting low-income consumers
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Geographical segregation
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Promoting consumerism
Workers
Modern-day slavery
Health impacts
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Consumer protection
Corporate social responsibility
GLOBAL MARKETPLACE
Macro environment
Trading systems
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STEEPLE factors
Micro environment
:fire:Market attractiveness
Organisation's capabilities
Globalisation vs customisation
Standardisation
Adaptation
Standing out amongst global competitors
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Triggers for entering
BRANDING
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Key concepts
:fire:Identity
Kapferer's brand identity prism
:fire:Reputation
:fire:Content
Meaningful connection with stakeholders
Equity
Architecture
(name, logo, packaging)
Communities
:fire:Tribal clover concept
Niche/mass-market
Global/local
BUSINESS OPERATIONS
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SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Throughput efficiency
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Ownership
Vertical integration
De-integration
Outsourcing
Collaboration and cooperation with suppliers
Bullwhip effect
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Location
Re-shoring
:fire:Strategies
Multi-domestic
Regional
Traditional
Global
Offshoring
Global supply chains
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Adapting processes to international regulations
HUMAN RESOURCES
RESPONSIBILITY
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Meet consumers' and suppliers' cultural needs
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Integrate multicultural workforce
CONCERN
'Race to the bottom'
GLOBALISATION AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS
Key factors
Technological advancement
Changes in legislation
Competition
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Attract global talent
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CITY LEADERSHIP
SUSTAINABLE CITIES
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Participation
Sharing
Autonomy
Transformation
ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL ENVIRONMENT
CONCERNS
Taxing multinationals income
Tax havens
Transfer pricing
Currency exchange
:FIRE:Fluctuations
Over- or undervalued currency
FINANCIAL REPORTING
Contingent model in accounting
Different rules in jurisdictions
IFRS standards
Financial institutions
IMF
World Bank
Foreign direct investments
Powerful multinationals
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TRADE ENVIRONMENT
Theories
Relative comparative advantage
Porter's diamond model
Absolute comparative advantage
Porter's five forces
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Trade barriers
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Trade agreements
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Challenges
Political instabilities
Cultural differences
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Compromises in business practises
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GLOBAL CULTURE AND INNOVATION
CONVERGENCE
Adopt global trends
DIVERGENCE
Adapt to local conditions
CROSSVERGENCE
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Adapt, respond to and influence particular culture
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INNOVATION AND LEARNING THROUGH COMPARISON