Cretinism

Pharmacological management

Causes

Clinical manifestations

Nursing intervention

Defination

Jaundice, pale skin

Floppiness, low muscle tone

Very little crying, excessive sleep

Myxoedema

Poor feeding, constipation

Fatigue, lethargy

umbilical hernia

Lack of weight gain, stunted growth

goiter

Abnormal bone growth

a genetic defect that affects thyroid hormone production

Too little iodine in the mothers diet during pregnancy

Abnormally small thyroid gland or poor formation

Radioactive iodine or anti-thyroid treatment for thyroid cancer during pregnancy

Use of medicines that disrupt thyroid hormone production such as anti-thyroid drugs, sulfonamides, or lithium during pregnancy

Increase fluid intake

Manage respiratory symptoms

Autoimmune diseases

Avoid external heat exposure

Protect against coldness

Pulmonary symptoms

Promote rest

Recommended starting dose of levothyroxine for congenital hypothyroidism is 10 to 15 μg/kg/day.

Pathophysiology

The pathogenesis of neurologic cretinism is obscure but may be due to severe thyroid hormone deficiency during a critical early phase of central nervous system development in utero.

Newborns with elevated TSH should be treated empirically with thyroid hormone replacement until they are aged 2 years

to eliminate any possibility of permanent cognitive deficits caused by hypothyroidism.

Endemic cretinism is a developmental disorder that occurs in regions of severe endemic goiter.

clusters of infants with goiter and hypothyroidism in a defined geographic area.