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EIT Week 7- Recruitment, Volunteers and Soldier Morale in WW1 (Combatants…
EIT Week 7- Recruitment, Volunteers and Soldier Morale in WW1
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Different men responded differently to the war- some soldiers loved the war- others were disillusioned by it
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Commitment to service
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excitement, adventure, enjoying killing
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Mutiny
Germany and non-German soldiers- Poles, Alsatians
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1914- Clash of Empires- allied victories in East- Habsburg defeats in Serbia and Carpathian Mountains- German victories in North- Russian invasion of Eastern Prussia
1915- War of Manoeuvre in the East- poor transport infrastructure and low troop densities- troop density in East a 1/3 of what is in West- Russians lose Warsaw and Przemyl- Germans advance 300 miles but can't knock Russia out of the war
1916- Year of the Brusilov Offensive- allied concentric operations in Italy and on Eastern Front- Alexei Brusilov took 350,000 prisoners- advanced 60 miles- 1.4 million casualties- Germans overrun Romania
1917- Collapse of Imperial Russia- civil war and revolution- 1916/17 'Basmachi' revolt in Central Asia- December 1917 armistice with Russia and Romania
1918- Year of Victory- central powers advance into Russia- Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (March 3rd 1918)- allied intervention in Russia- collapse of Bulgaria and Austria-Hungary
Beyond 1918- Churchill's 'War of the Pygmies'- 'Czech Legion' in Russia- Russian Civil War- Finland, Baltic States and Poland win independence-
A. Gregory, The Last Great War: British Society and the First World War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 73-95- patriotism and imperialism- some bribed and forced to join- fear of defeat and invasion- quest for adventure- propaganda- social pressure (white feathers)