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70 year old woman suffers from pneumonia and moved to a state with a…
70 year old woman suffers from pneumonia and moved to a state with a higher altitude
Anatomy of the Lungs:
The upper respiratory tract includes the nose, nasal cavity, and pharynx.
The lower respiratory tract includes the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli.
Made up of simple squamous epithelium
The respiratory passageway is lined by mucosa.
The respiratory membrane is where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across during gas
exchange between the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries.
The paired lungs are located within the thoracic cavity on either side of the mediastinum and are enclosed and
protected by the thoracic cage.
Boyle’s law states that at a constant temperature, the pressure of a gas decreases if the volume of the container
increases.
Dalton’s law states that the sum of all partial pressures is equal to the total atmospheric pressure.
Alveoli Physiology:
Participate in gas exchange; take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide.
Alveolar type I cells make up about 95% of alveolar surface area and are moist and prone to collapse due
to high surface tension.
Alveolar type II cells secrete pulmonary surfactant, which opposes surface tension and
prevents the collapse of alveoli.
Alveolar macrophages consume
any microorganisms that reach the alveoli.
Effect of Pneumonia:
The alveoli fill with fluid, therefore there is not enough space for gas exchange to occur.
Can lead to the collapse of the lung(s)
Increases the risk of another infection
Your body will most likely be unable to fight the pneumonia and the additional infection
Can lead to death
Organs will not receive enough oxygen
The body will not release enough carbon dioxide and becomes acidic.
Toxic pH levels can lead to death
The heart will work harder due to the lack of oxygen
Organ failure
Death
The fast breathing is due to the higher altitude.
The wet cough is due to the buildup of fluid.
The older you are the harder it is for your immune system to fight infection.
The increased altitude increases breathing.
Viral infections effect your cells' DNA