Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Endocarditis (Pathogenesis (3 critical elements, Preparation of cardiac…
Endocarditis
Pathogenesis
-
- Preparation of cardiac valve for adherence of bacteria
- Adhesion of circulating bacteria to prepared valvular surface
- Survival of bacteria on surface
Blood-borne pathogen can inhibit areas of heart where there’s Hugh turbulence or reside I’m artificial material
-
-
Risk factors
Occurs after dental and surgical procedures and procedures involving mucosa, surfaces
-
-
Age >60, male gender, poor dentition, indwelling IV catheter
History of valvular disease (rheumatic heart disease, mitral valve prolapse, aortic valve disease, mitral regurgitation)
Congenital heart disease (aortic stenosis, bicuspid aortic valve, pulmonary stenosis)
Bacteria enters the bloodstream, travels to the heart, and lodges on abnormal heart valves or damaged tissue of the heart due to the unsterilized tools being used in the procedure or if after care isn’t correct and an infection occurs and gets into bloodstream and eventually the heart.
Diagnostics
Describe symptoms, physical exam, listen for heart murmur, check for fever and enlarged spleen
Blood will be tested for bacteria, a complete blood count (CBC) used to check for anemia
-
-
-
-
-
Incidence/prevalence
In the US 10,000 to 15,000 per year
In developed countries ranges from 2.6 to 7 cases per 100,000 cases per year
-
-
Treatment
Antibiotics and initial treatment - IV antibiotics, regular blood tests will check if infection is going away
Surgery- if heart valves damaged, if antibiotics aren’t working, infection is fungal
If left untreated could be fatal, most people are able to recover with antibiotics
Common medications: Ceftriaxone, Vancomycin, Tobramycin, Ampicillin, Nafcillin
Clinical manifestations
Fever, chest pain, weakness, blood in urine
Chills, sweating, red skin rash, white spots in mouth or on tongue
Pain and swelling in joints, muscle aches and tenderness, abnormal urine color fatigue, cough
SOB, sore throat, sinus congestion and headache, nausea vomiting, weight loss
-