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Genetics (Simple Inheritance (Types of inheritance (Incomplete dominance -…
Genetics
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DNA
Structure:
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made up of nucleotide: sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate and base
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Nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
Complementary base pairing roles: A-T , C-G
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Chromosomes in the nucleus contain all the DNA. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes = a total of 46 chromosomes.
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RNA
differences between DNA and RNA: type of sugar (ribose in RNA), Uracil replaces thymine
Complementary pairing for RNA: A- U, C-G
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Protein Synthesis
Transcription : DNA (master copy) copied to mRNA occurs in nucleus, mRNA leaves nucleus
Translation: mRNA to amino acids. Occurs at ribosomes. (see notes/powerpoint slides for more details).