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respiratory system Diego Lopez p.1 (Major functions of the respiratory…
respiratory system Diego Lopez p.1
Major functions of the
respiratory system
Distribution of Air: filters, warms,
humidifies air
Gas Exchange: supplies oxygen and
removes carbon dioxide
•Enables sound production as expired air
passes over the vocal chords.
•Controls acid-base balance and blood pH
•Allows (smell)
anatomy of the respiratory tract, organs of the respiratory system and location
(upper and lower respiratory track)
UTR:nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx
LTR: trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs
differences between the right and left lung and right and left
primary bronchi;
The right lung is shorter, because the liver sits high, tucked under the ribcase, but it is broader than the left. he right lung has three lobes, while the left has only two lobes.
the right main bronchus is wider, shorter than the left main bronchus, which is thinner and longer.
The right main bronchus subdivides into three lobar bronchi, while the left main bronchus divides into two.
breathing mechanism/ terminology
tidal: normal inhale and normal exhale
vital: max inhale and max exhale
expiratory capacity: normal inhale and max exhale
internal and
external respiration
External respiration occurs in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveolar air
Internal respiration occurs in the metabolizing tissues, where oxygen diffuses out of the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the cells.
diseases:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and wheezing
Lung cancer: uncontrolled cell division
The flu is caused by influenza viruses that infect the nose, throat, and lungs. These viruses spread when people with flu cough, sneeze or talk, sending droplets with the virus into the air and potentially into the mouths or noses of people who are nearby.