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Respiratory System (Major functions of the Respiratory system…
Respiratory System
Major functions of the Respiratory system
Distribution of air
filters , warms , humidifies air
Gas exchange
Supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Helps maintain homeostais
filters irritants from inspired air and eliminates them through coughing and sneezing
Controls acid base balance and blood PH
enables soumd production as expired air passes the vocal cords
Allows olfacation (smell)
lung capacity terminalogy
vital capacity : is the regular breath
tidal volume : air moved by one respiration
IRV: additional air taken during max inhalation
ERV additional expired air due to forced exhalation
residual volume-air left in the alveolia
spirometry- measurement of different air volumes
dead space volume - air remaining in bronchial tree
disorders of the resp system
pneumonia is an infection and can be cured with antibiotics
tuberculosus is a bacterial infection that can be medicated
seasonal flu can be due to inhaled in respitory
COPD Is chronic bronchitis emphysema and athsma can be caused by tabacco smoke or dus exposure and can be medicated
lung cancer -development of tumors in lungs can be caused by smoking and can be cured or treated with radiation
Differences between right lung and left lung
the right lung has 3 lobes and the left lung has 2
the right lung is heavier than the left
the right lung has 2 bronchi and the left lung has 1 bronchus
the left is the closest to the heart
left bronchus is longer and more narrow
right bronchi are shorter and wider
Organs of the respiratory tract
Upper resp tract
nose
pharynx
laynx
lower resp tract
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
lungs
alveoli
breathing mechanisms
Inhalation: diaghram contracts ( moves down) air inhaled
exhalation : diapghram relaxes ( moves up) air exhaled
internal v external respiration
internal respiration occurs in the cells
external respiration occurs between the body