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THE CONTEMPORARY TIMES IN SPAIN (Isabel II (Two liberal groups clashed…
THE CONTEMPORARY TIMES IN SPAIN
Fernando VII ( 1808-1833 )
Constitution of Cádiz (1812-1814)
the Cortes of Cadiz approved in 1812 a Constitution
This constitution limited real power and established rights for citizens
Return of Ferdinand VII
It abolished the constitution of 1812
The Americans colonies start the proces of independence.
He established the absolute monarchy and persecuted the liberals.
The War of Independence (1808-1814)
During the war, the population is divided into two sides:
The patriots
The absolutists
The liberals
The Frenchmen
In 1814, the Spaniards defeated France and Ferdinand VII returned to Spain
The French invade Spain in 1808: Carlos IV abdicates in his son, Fernando VII. Napoleon expelled the king and put his brother Jose I Bonaparte on the throne.
Isabel II
There were continuous changes of government and military pronouncements.
Two liberal groups clashed
moderals
progresives
In 1833, Isabel II became queen after Fernando's VII death
In 1868, a revolution took place: Isabella II was dethroned and left Spain.
At the end of the XIX century
In 1873, was instaured the first Spanish Republic
In 1874, the Bourbon monarchy was restored and Alfonso II was proclaimed king.
In 1869, a foreign monarch acceded to the throne
In 1898, the last two colonies became independent: Cuba and the Philippines.
Society and economy
The society is organized in classes.
Middle classes: small traders, landowners and some professionals.
Lower classes: peasants, workers and servants.
Upper classes: aristocrats and bourgeois.
Great economic transformations took place during the industrial revolution.
The big factories replaced the workshops.
New machines and production techniques appeared: mechanical looms and blast furnaces.
The transports were transformed: railway and steamboat.
Art and culture
Art
Architecture: Antonio Gaudí stood out, who built in the modernist style.
Painting: Joaquin Soraya and Dario Regoyos, who produced their works in the impressionist style, stood out.
Literature: the poets Antonio Machado, Gustavo Adolfo Vequer, Jose de Espronceda and Rosalia de Castro, and the novelist Benito Perez Galdos, among others, stood out.