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lung cancer (clinical manifestations (hoarsness, bone pain, wheezing,…
lung cancer
clinical manifestations
hoarsness
bone pain
wheezing
headache
shortness of breath
losing weight
chest pain
lung abscess
coughing up bloood
preoperative&post-operative care
administer IV anti anxiety agents to reduce nervousness
protect body from contact with metal part of the table to prevent electrical injury
instruct patient to take nothing orally to reduce postoperative complications
verify sterility of all manufactured materials to prevent infection
assess level of understanding to facilitate planning of preoperative teaching programme
monitor vital signs to detect bleeding
promote calm,quite environment to facilitate rest and improving coping abilities
complications
pleural effusion
pain
metastasis
shortness of breath
coughing up blood
risk factors
family history of lung cancer
exposure to radon gas
smoking
exposure to secondhand smoker
exposure to asbestos
staging and grading
Stage 2-cancer is now spreading to nearby structures
Stage 3-the tumour may have grown very large and invaded other organs near the lungs
Stage 1-cancer is limited to the lungs & hasn't spread to the lymph nodes
Stage 4-cancer has spread beyond the affected lung to the other lung or distant areas of the body
types of lung cancer
small cell carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
squamous carcinoma
large cell carcinoma
treatment
chemotherapy
radiation therapy
surgery
wedge resection-removal of a small section of a lung that contains a tumor
lobectomy-removal of the entire lobe of one lung
segmental resection-to remove a large portion of lung
pneumonectomy-removal of an entire lung
pharmacotherapy
Tarceva
crizotinib
Bevacizumab(avastin)
diagnostic procedures
biopsy
sputum cytology
imaging tests