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Respiratory System (Definition of Lung Capacity Terminology (Dead Space…

- - - - Cavities within bones; frontal, sphenoid ethmoid, maxillary bone - lighten the skull - resonance chambers for speech - produce mucus
    - - Rest lined with respiratory mucosa; moistens air & traps incoming foreign particles
      - Lateral walls have conchae; increases surface area & increases air turbulence within the nasal cavity
      - Olfactory receptors (sense of smell) located in mucosa on superior surface
    - - Muscular passage from nasal cavity to larynx
      - Three regions of the pharynx
        
        Oropharynx- middle region behind mouth
        
        Laryngopharynx- inferior region attached to larynx
        
        Nasopharynx- Superior region behind nasal cavity (passage of air only)
        
        Oropharynx and laryngopharynx are common passageways for air and food
    - - Air enters nose through external nares (nostrils)
      - Nasal cavity (interior of nose) divided by nasal septum
  - - - Enters the lungs at hilus
      - Right bronchus is wider, shorter, and straighter than the left, due to the presence of the heart on the left side
      - Formed by division of trachea
      - Bronchi subdivided into smaller and smaller branches
    - - Apex is near clavicle (superior portion)
      - Base rests on diaphram (inferior portion)
      - Occupy most of thoracic cavity
      - Each lung is divided into lobes by fissures (two on left; three on right)
    - - Fairly rigid because of the c-shaped ring made of hyaline cartilage to keep airway open at all times
      - Lined with ciliated mucosa
        
        Beat continuously in opposite direction of incoming air
        
        Mucus loaded with dust and other debris away from the lungs
      - Connects larynx with bronchi