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BAB 2: PORTRET HUBUNGAN ETNIK (Teori Masyarakat Majmuk (multiraces…
BAB 2:
PORTRET HUBUNGAN ETNIK
Teori Masyarakat Majmuk
(multiraces society theory)
Dipelopori (pioneered) by
Furnivall (1948)
dan
Smith
for the purpose of
identifying the people in Southeast Asia
(Europeans, Chinese, Indians and Malays)
Furnivall explains that they
mingle/ make friends
,
but do not belong to any of these groups
and hold on to religion, culture, language, ideas and ways of life.
These groups meet only in the pasar when buying/ selling
(There's a msykt plural with many sections of the community living side by side but separate dalam unit politik yang sama)
In the economy, the division of labor takes place along racial lines.
Rasisme
An
ideology / belief
that is
created to justify / rationalize
so that there is inequality among different ethnic groups.
It is also defined as the negative perception/ thoughts / beliefs of one social group over another social group
based on its physical and biological characteristics.
The ideology was built on 3 understandings
These physical characteristics are
closely related to one's culture, personality and wisdom
.
Keturunan genetik
leads to the
existence of groups with higher social class
compared to other social groups.
Naturally divided based on
physical characteristics.
Etnosentrisme
• According to
Dale, Romo and Harriett (1998)
:
The belief/ pride that exists among members of an ethnic group that
their culture & ethnicity = best
compared to other ethnic groups.
• According to
Martin (2003)
:
An ethnic group's tendency to
value another ethnic group based on its own position and values
.
• The boundaries of an ethnic group and race are
not always clear and consistent
- they are often overlapped and blurred
• A person cannot be labeled based on his physical characteristics or the cultural heritage of his ancestors as mixing races changes their characteristics (:man::skin-tone-2:+:woman::skin-tone-6:= :woman::skin-tone-5:)
Stereotaip
Kenyataan umum
(public statements) about an ethnic group, whether negative or positive
":man::skin-tone-2: can do math"
Stereotypes
induce negative feelings
in society and thus
limit inter-ethnic interactions and create a strong racial spirit
Prejudis
Negative belief/ feeling about a person/ group of different ethnicity
General
and
not based on accurate and clear information
.
":red_cross: wanna be taught by a Malay teacher because many said Malay teachers are lazy"
Prejudice katergori
:
Every person who is judged based on their membership in an ethnic group and not an individual's personality
Diskriminasi
bad attention of one ethic group towards another
(e.g.: Layanan buruk kumpulan etnik DOMINAN terhadap etnik MINORITI)
The concept of race and social status was adopted by British colonizers to strengthen their economic and power interests in the country.
Kaedah pemerintahan “pecah dan perintah” telah mengubah hubungan etnik di Malaysia hingga jelas kelihatan bentuk pekerjaan oleh sesuatu etnik adalah terpisah-pisah mengikut kumpulan etnik.
