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Measurement (Errors and Uncertainties (Types of error (Random (Definition,…
Measurement
Errors and Uncertainties
Types of error
Random
Definition
Sources
Identifying and reducing
Systematic
Definition
Sources
Identifying and eliminating
Quality of measurement
Accuracy
Definition
Precision
Definition
Uncertainty
Expressing
Absolute (1 s.f.)
Fractional/Percentage (2 s.f.)
Rules for expressing best value with absolute uncertainty
Consequential Uncertainty
Max-Best Method (3 steps)
Formula Method
Addition of actual uncertainties
W = X + Y or Z = X - Y
Y = kX, k is number with no uncertainty
Addition of fractional uncertainties
W = XY or W = X/Y
W = X^m
Physical Quantity & Units
SI Units
SI Base Units
[length] m
[mass] kg
[time] s
[current] A
[temperature] K
[amount of substance] mol
[luminous intensity] cd
SI Units (non-base examples)
[force] N
[energy] J
[voltage] V
[frequency] Hz
resistance [ohm)
[pressure] Pa
[power] W
Prefixes
Derived Quantity and Units
Write formula
Rewrite (1) with [ ] (units of)
Write the SI base units
Note: express in index form
Homogeneity of Physical Equation
dimensionally consistent (quantities equated, added or subtracted )
homogeneous equations may not be correct, but equation not homogeneous is definitely incorrect
Scalars and Vectors
Definitions (Scalars and Vectors)
Examples
Addition of Vectors
Triangle Method
Parallelogram method
Resolution method
Subtracting Vectors (adding of negative vector)
Use in change (final - initial)
Relative velocities
